Abstract:

The Köppen–Geiger climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification method. Climate zones are determined depending on monthly temperature and precipitation data and are indicated by letters. In this study, the Köppen–Geiger climate zones of Turkey were determined by analyzing the data collected from 512 meteorological stations. The climate characteristics of the determined climate types are explained via climate diagrams. According to the Köppen–Geiger climate classification, temperate climate (C) has the largest area, whereas arid climate (B) has the narrowest area. The widespread type B climate is observed in Central Anatolia, whereas type C climate is dominant in the coastal regions. Continental climate (D) is observed in the highlands of the Central Taurus and almost all of the Eastern Anatolia regions. According to the second and third letters, 10 different subclimate types were observed for B, C, and D climate types in Turkey. All these subtypes indicate that climates that do not have hot or cold dry seasons are dominant in Turkey. However, the northern parts of Turkey do not experience a dry-season climate.

Keywords: