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Kültür tarihi içinde, sözlü kültür anlatıları, bilgi ve deneyimin aktarımında öncelikli bir konumdadır. Ancak, politik bir araç olarak ve zorunlulukla devreye giren yazılı geleneğin baskın kültürü karşısında, sözlü kültür devreden çıkmasa da anlam ve işlev değişikliğine uğramıştır. Dahası, sözlü anlatıların, bilimsel araştırma konusu olmasıyla birlikte, araştırmacıların zihninde hâkim olan metinselcilik nedeniyle, anlam değişimi yeni bir boyut daha kazanmıştır. Sözlü kültür anlatıları, metinselciliğin hâkim olduğu toplumlarda, geçmişin kalıntıları ve kültürel miras olarak keyfi, hayali kurmacalar olarak değerlendirilmişlerdir. Öte yandan, sözlü kültürün hâkim olduğu toplumlarda, sözlü anlatılar yerine getirdikleri işlevlerden hareketle, toplumsal bellekte yer etmekte ve toplumsallığın yeniden üretiminde önemli işlevler yerine getirmektedir. Bu nedenle, sözlü anlatıların anlaşılması ve çözümlenmesinde, üretildikleri toplumsallıktan hareket edilmesi gereklilik taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, yazılı kültür ve sözlü kültür farklılığına ve sözlü anlatıların anlaşılmasında, antropolojik perspektifin önemine odaklanmaktadır.
In the history of culture, verbal cultural narratives are in a priority position in the transfer of knowledge and experience. However, in the face of the dominant culture of the written tradition, which is a political instrument and is obliged to enter into force, the verbal culture has changed its meaning and function, even if it is not out of circulation. Furthermore, while the verbal narratives are the subject of scientific research, the meaning change has gained a new dimension due to the textuality that is dominant in the minds of the researchers. The verbal cultural stories, in the societies in which the textualism is dominated, are regarded as pleasant, imaginary fictionals as the remains of the past and cultural heritage. On the other hand, in societies where the oral culture is dominated, the oral narratives, by moving from the functions they perform, place in social memory and perform important functions in the re-production of sociality. Therefore, in the understanding and interpretation of verbal narratives, it is necessary to move from the socialism they produce. This study focuses on the differences between written culture and verbal culture and the importance of an anthropological perspective in the understanding of verbal narratives.
In cultural history, oral cultural narratives have a priority in the transfer of knowledge and experience. However, in the face of the dominant culture of the written tradition, which has come into play as a political tool and necessarily, although the oral culture did not disappear, its meaning and function changed. Along with the fact that oral narratives are the subject of scientific research, the meaning change has gained a new dimension due to the textualism that prevails in the minds of researchers. Oral cultural narratives have been evaluated as arbitrary, imaginary fictions as remnants of the past and cultural heritage in societies dominated by textuality. On the other hand, in societies where oral culture is dominant, verbal narratives take place in the social memory based on the functions they perform and fulfill important functions in the reproduction of sociality. Therefore, in understanding and analyzing the verbal narratives, it is necessary to start from the sociality they are produced from. This study focuses on the difference between written and oral culture and the importance of an anthropological perspective in understanding oral narratives.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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