Özet:

Objective: Health care improvements and technical advances in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) caused an increase in survival rates of neonates. Nosocomial infections (NI) also increased at the same time. In this study, we aimed to define the rate of NI, agents of NI, and the rate of mortality due to NI in our NICU.Material-methode: This study comprises neonates diagnosed as sepsis after 48 hours of hospitalization or within 10 days after discharge from our NICU during 2008. The National Surveillance System for Infections was used to diagnose NI. Results: Among 769 hospitalized neonates, 32 (4.2%) of them were determined as having NI during 2008 in our NICU. Of these 32 neonates with NI, the ratio of female/male was 16/16, average birth weight was 2457±857 g (8003800); average gestational age, 35. 6±4.5 weeks; average duration of hospitalization, 29±17.8 days; average postnatal age, 9.5±8 days; ratio of vaginal delivery, 50% (n=16); ratio of prematurity, 50%; and ratio of very low birth weight neonates 21.9% (n=7). The isolated pathogens were Klebsiella spp. 49.9% of Candida spp. (18.8%), E. Coli (12.5%), Rotavirus (6.3%), and others (12.5%).The antibiotic susceptibilities of microorganisms were as follows: teicoplanin, vancomycin and gentamicin (100%) for Enterecoc; teicoplanin and vancomycin (100%) for Staphilococcus; carbapenem (100%), piperacillin-tazobactam (60%), quinolones (95%), amikacin (65%) for gram-negative microorganisms; and fluconazole (100%) for Candida.The mortality rate was 18.8% (n=6). Of these 6 died neonates, 3 neonates died secondary to major congenital abnormalities incompatible with life and the other 3 neonates died due to the isolated pathogen of Klebsiella spp.Conclusion: Neonates, especially preterms are at high risk for the development of NI. Targeted follow-up of hosmalities incompatible with life and the other 3 neonates died dmalities incompatible with life and the other 3 neonates died d

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