Özet:

AIM: Cancer is the leading cause of death in economically developed countries and the second leading cause of death in developing countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate distant organ metastasis in patients with lung cancer and the effect of metastasis on survival rates. METHODS: Lung cancer patients with distant organ metastasis were enrolled to the study. Localization of primary tumors and metastasis, histological types of the metastasis, clinical symptoms and signs, the interaction of tumor and lymph nodes, the effects of metastasis on survival rates were evaluated. RESULTS: 174 patients were included in the study. Cytologic subgroups of patients were subdivided as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (75.3%) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (24.7%). The most frequent metastatic sites were bone (41.4 %), contralateral lung (32.8%), liver (23.9%) brain (27%), adrenal gland (19,5%), pleura (9.2%). The most common metastasis sites for NSCLC and SCLC were bone and liver respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of metastases in brain, bone, adrenal and contralateral lung metastasis. Metastatic pleural effusions mostly originated from adenocarcinoma and liver metastasis generally originated from small cell lung cancer. Having specific symptoms related to bone and brain were powerful predictors for metastasis. CONCLUSION: Cytological types of the cancer, number of metastasis, weight loss, poor performance status, the absence of symptoms in SCLC with bone and brain metastasis, and presence of the symptoms in liver metastases had adverse effects on survival rates. Evaluation of patients with combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory and radiological findings as whole it may be helpful in predicting metastasis and may prevent unnecessary surgery

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