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Kur’an-ı Kerim geldiği zamandan günümüze kadar geçen on beş asır boyunca anlaşılmak istenmiştir. Hem inişinin tamamlanması 23 yıl sürmüş hem de inişinin üzerinden günümüze değin bu kadar uzun zaman geçmiştir. Bu sürecin gerek insan zihninde gerekse toplumların kendisinde yarattığı değişim Kur’an’ı anlamadaki yorum farklılıklarının artmasına neden olmuştur. Kur’an’ın ilk muhatapları -ayetlerin gelişine bizzat şahit oldukları için- onu daha iyi anlamaktaydılar. Bu sebeple yorum farklılıkların en az olduğu o zamana gitmek doğru anlama ulaşmak adına bir adım olacaktır. Bu çalışmanın konusu tarihi bağlamın sure içerikleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Dolayısıyla Kur’an’ın gelmeye başladığı zamandaki bazı olayların yani tarihi bağlamın o dönemdeki ayetlerle ilişkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Böylelikle Kur’an’ın gelmeye başladığı zamandaki anlam alanı bir bakıma ortaya çıkarılmış olunacaktır. Bunu yaparken konuyu sınırlamak adına inananlara karşı fiziksel ve psikolojik şiddetin arttığı zaman başlayan Miladi 615 yılında inmiş olabilecek sureleri inceledik. İniş sırası ve o dönemin olaylarını aktaran rivayet bilgileri vasıtasıyla o yılda inmiş olabilecek altı sure tespit ettik. İşte bu surelerin içeriği ile o dönemde yaşanan olayların ilişkisini ortaya çıkarmak da çalışmanın diğer amacıdır. Miladi 615 yılındaki olayların sure içeriklerine nasıl yansıdığını içeren bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Ayrıca tarihin bir parçası olan ve zihin dünyasının anlam üzerinde zorunlu bir etkisi olan insan Kur’an’ın muhatabıdır ve Kur’an’ı daha iyi anlamak için insanın zihnini şekillendiren tarihi süreci incelemek elzemdir. Bu da çalışmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın hazırlanmasında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman inceleme yöntemi kullanılarak tarihsel olaylar ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra bu verilerin betimsel analizi yapılarak Miladi 615 yılının muhtemel sureleri tespit edilmiş ve bu surelerin içerikleri tarihi bağlamın perspektifinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun neticesinde şirki ticaret, prestij gibi çıkarlar için bir vasıta gören Kureyşliler’e bu ahlaki bozukluğu düzeltecek aracısız tevhid inancı ile olması gereken ahlak özelliklerinin hatırlatıldığını ve bunu yaparken doğadan örnekler verilerek onların sahip olduğu bilgilerden hareket edildiğini görmekteyiz. Ayrıca psikolojik ve fiziksel şiddete karşı anlatılan kıyamet sahneleri inanmayanlar için tehdit iken inananlara müjde olarak sunulmuştur.
The Qur’an was intended to be understood for fifteen centuries from the time that the Qur’an came to us until today. It took 23 years to complete the landing and so long it has passed from the landing to today. This process, even in the human mind, has led to the change that the societies in themselves have created to increase the discrepancies in understanding the Qur’an. The first interlocutors of the Qur’an—because they witnessed the arrival of the Qur’an—were better aware of it. Therefore, going to the time when the comments are the least different will be a step towards the right understanding. The subject of this study is the study of the relationship of the historical context with the sur content. Therefore, the purpose of the Qur’an was to reveal the relationship of some events in the time when the Qur’an began to come, that is, the historical context with the signs in that time. So the meaning of the Qur’an will be revealed in a way when it begins to come. When doing this, we have studied the stories that could have fallen down in Miladi 615 when physical and psychological violence against those who believed increased in order to limit the subject. We found the six-year-old and the six-year-old and the six-year-old and the six-year-old and the six-year-old and the six-year-old and the six-year-old. This is the other purpose of the study to reveal the contents of the surrender and the relationship between the events that occur in that period. There is no study of how the events of Miladi in 615 reflect the contents of the Sura. It is also a part of history and a mandatory effect on the meaning of the mind world, the human is the interlocutor of the Qur’an and it is essential to study the historic process that shapes the mind of man to better understand the Qur’an. This also shows the importance of work. In the preparation of the study, historical events have been revealed using the method of document examination from the quality research methods. Subsequently, the visual analysis of these data was carried out to identify the possible images of Miladi 615 and the contents of these images were evaluated in the perspective of the historical context. As a result of this, we see the Kurish people, who see a means for interests such as trade, prestige, are reminded of the moral characteristics that must be with the unmediate trust that will fix this moral disorder, and while doing this, they are given examples from nature and are moved from the knowledge they have. It also has been presented as a blessing to those who believe, while threatening those who do not believe, the Day of Resurrection scenes told against psychological and physical violence.
The Qur'an has been wanted to be understood throughout the fifteen centuries that have passed from the time it came to the present day. It took 23 years to complete its descent, and it has been so long since its descent until today. The change that this process has created both in the human mind and in the societies itself has led to an increase in the differences in interpretation in understanding the Qur'an. The first interlocutor of the Qur'an -as they personally witnessed the coming of the verses- understood it better. For this reason, it will be a step to reach the right meaning to go to that time when the differences in interpretation are the least. The subject of this study is to examine the relationship between the historical context and the contents of the surahs. Therefore, it is aimed to reveal the relationship of some events, that is, the historical context, when the Qur'an began to come, with the verses of that period. In this way, the meaning area of the Qur'an when it started to come will be revealed in a way. While doing this, we examined the suras that may have been revealed in 615 Gregorian, which started when physical and psychological violence against believers increased in order to limit the subject. We have identified six suras that may have been descended in that year by means of the descending order and the narration information conveying the events of that period. The other aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between the content of these suras and the events that took place at that time. No study has been conducted on how the events in 615 Gregorian reflected the contents of the surahs. In addition, the human being, who is a part of history and has a necessary effect on the meaning of the world of mind, is the addressee of the Qur'an, and it is essential to examine the historical process that shapes the mind of man in order to better understand the Qur'an. This reveals the importance of the study. In the preparation of the study, historical events were revealed by using the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. Then, by making a descriptive analysis of these data, the possible suras of the year 615 were determined and the contents of these suras were evaluated in the perspective of the historical context. As a result of this, we see that the Qurayshis, who see the circus as a means for interests such as trade and prestige, are reminded of the moral characteristics that should be with the belief of unmediated tawhid that will correct this moral defect, and while doing this, we see that the knowledge they have by giving examples from nature. In addition, while the apocalyptic scenes told against psychological and physical violence are a threat to non-believers, they are presented as good news for believers.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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