Özet:

Among the turning points in the history of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in the 20th century are the policies of forced collectivization of the Soviets, which consist of practices such as their forced settlement lifestyle, the government’s handheld of their animals and the punishment of wealthy people with the label “hears”. These policies, accompanied by the unconformed policy of the Soviet Union on the way of transition to the central economic system, the harsh climate conditions and the insufficient harvest in the late 1920s and early 1930s, have negatively affected the lives of millions of people. This study, based on verbal history research, focused on how the collectivization process, which began to be implemented since 1928, influenced the life of the people in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan; the perception of the collectivization by ordinary people, the resistance of the people, the consequences of the collectivization and the public’s assessment of this process. The verbal history data that make up the basis for this study, "20. The process of the creation of the Kyrgyz national identity in the century is based on the results of the projects “The Living History of the Middle Asian People: The Example of Kyrgyzstan” and “The Living History of the Middle Asian People: The Example of Kazakhstan” and also includes new information collected from the people’s mouth.

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