Abstract:

In Turkey, due to various factors historical buildings with cultural value have been seriously damaged. Especially building stones used in masonry historical buildings are affected by the environmental factors in time and thus are deteriorated. This causes detail loss and structural damage in historical buildings. Thus, various preservation and restoration activities are needed to prevent or in better words to minimize the deterioration of stones. However, incorrect restoration usually due to unsystematic or wrong choice of material leads to irretrievable results. Various factors affect the success of preservation and restoration activities. Especially the correct and adequate analysis of the original stone, the appropriateness of the method and the accumulated knowledge are the major factors underlying this success. Such physical, chemical and mechanical properıties of the original stone material under restoration or preservation as its origin, geological and mineralogical structure, its function and usage area in the building, acid-base resistance, salt content and interaction with the other materials, the condition and composition of the plaster if it is applied on the surface of the stone, the surface processing technique of the stone and its stroke and pressure resistance in wet and dry states etc. should be determined in advance. In addition to these, such factors as exterior environmental conditions, temperature changes, the types and densities of the harmful gases in the atmosphere, precipitation and plants etc. should also be taken into consideration. In the case of deep surface alterations of natural stones, renewal works must be required. First of all, historic stone quarries should be researched in order to select the appropriate stone. After that, the experimental studies should be conducted on the samples taken from the quarries and according to the evaluation of test results, the most appropriate stone should be suggested for renewal works.In this article, the experiment systematic defined in DIN 52106 is explained for selecting the appropriate natural stone which will be able to used in restoration of historic buildings

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