Özet:

In modern conditions of personal development, aimed at self-learning, self-development, speech-thinking activity plays a special role as a component of the characteristics of a successful person. The main goal of literary education is to study the texts of works of art, to understand literature as an artistic reality, to develop on this basis the spiritual world of a person, his worldview, and to foster the need for systematic reading as a necessary part of continuous spiritual and moral improvement of the individual, and to develop his intellectual and emotional-volitional spheres. As an artistic phenomenon, the Word lived in the minds of people as an independent image that embodies the centuries-old experience of the people, since at all times its philosophical idea of life was understood and perceived as a great social mission. The article deals with the problem of understanding the image through symbols on the example Of V. Rasputin's story "Women's conversation". In the disclosure of the main idea of the text, the meaning of semantic groups is discussed. The article presents a situation in which a student, independently comprehending new information through reflection, reflects on the preservation of the spiritual and moral values of his people.

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