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Karl Marx gençlik dönemi metinlerde [Yahudi Sorunu, Hegel’in Hukuk Felsefesinin Eleştirisi] demokrasi kavramından söz etmektedir. Demokrasi ekonomi ve siyasalın homojen olduğu bir safhayı ifade eder. Marx’a göre bu safha, ‘toplumsal özgürlük’ kavramıyla da ifade edilebilir. Bu düşünceye göre sivil toplum ve yurttaşlık haklarının devlet tarafından tanınması özgürlük getirmez. Bu durum, eşitsizliği yeni bir form dâhilinde yeniden düzenlenip ortaya konulmasına hizmet eder. Marx’a göre bu eşitsizlikçi formlar yabancılaşmaya neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Marx kapitalist ekonomik sistemin yarattığı eşitsizlikçi formların ortadan kaldırılacak sistemi ilk dönem metinlerinde ‘demokrasi’ olarak tanımlar. Yine Marx’ın olgunluk dönemi metinlerinden Fransa’da İç Savaş kitabında Paris Komünü üzerine yaptığı açıklamalar ‘doğrudan demokrasi’ye uygun özellikler içerir. Her iki dönem metinlerinin temel sorunsallarından biri yabancılaşmanın ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik tartışmaları içerir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmada, Marx’ın ‘demokrasi’ imgesiyle, onun Paris Komünü üzerine yaptığı açıklamalar arasında bir sürekliliğin olduğuna vurgu yapılacaktır. Marx Paris Komününü emeğin özgürleşmesi ve yabancılaşmadan kurtuluşu sağlayacak bir öz yönetim olarak ifade etmektedir.
Karl Marx speaks of the concept of democracy in his youth texts [The Jewish Problem, Hegel's Criticism of the Law Philosophy]. Democracy is a phase in which economy and politics are homogeneous. According to Marx, this phase can also be expressed by the concept of ‘social freedom’. According to this opinion, the recognition by the state of civil society and the rights of citizenship does not bring freedom. This situation serves to reorganize and reveal inequality in a new form. According to Marx, these inequality forms lead to alienation. In this context, Marx defines the system to eliminate the inequality forms created by the capitalist economic system as "democracy" in the first period texts. Again, Marx’s statements on the Paris Commune in the French Book of Civil War from the texts of the maturity period contain characteristics that are “direct to democracy.” One of the main issues of both periodic texts includes discussions about the elimination of alienation. Therefore, in this study, it will be emphasized that there is a continuity between Marx’ image of “democracy” and his statements about the Paris Commune. Marx expresses the Paris Community as a self-government that provides liberation from labor and foreignization.
Karl Marx in his youth texts [On The Jewish Question, Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right] refers to the concept of democracy. Democracy indicates the phase where the economy and politics are homogeneous. According to Marx, this phase can also be expressed with the concept of social freedom. According to this thought, the recognition of civil society and citizenship rights by the state does not bring freedom. This case serves to reorganize and put forward inequality in a new form. According to Marx, these inequitable forms cause alienation. In this context, Marx defines the system that will eliminate the inequality forms created by the capitalist economic system as 'democracy' in the early texts. Marx’s explanations on the Paris Commune in his book Civil War in France which is one of the maturity texts, include features suitable for 'direct democracy'. The main problem of the texts of both terms is that they contain discussions about eliminating alienation. Therefore, in this study, it will be emphasized that there is continuity between Marx's image of "democracy" and his statements on the Paris Commune. Marx Paris Commune express as self-governance that will ensure the liberation of labor and liberation from alienation.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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