Abstract:

Ottomans were more interested in position and topography, while the cities were gaining importance, dar'us sifas were also built in central locations like the other government agencies in the cities which were capitals of Ottoman such as Istanbul, Bursa and Manisa where the sultans lived and were supported by the palace. A dar'us sifa was built in 1539 within the body of Sultaniye Social Complex which was endowed by the wife of Sultan Selim the Stern, Hafsa Sultan.The complex dated 1522 had contained madrasah, imaret, infants' school, mosque, lodge, hankah and Turkish bath. In the complex which was built on behalf of Suleiman the Magnificant's mother, construction had continued after the death of Hafsa Sultan in 1534 whose name had been passing as 'Hafsa binti Abdulmuin' in the endowment. In 1538 the Turkish bath and in 1539 the dar'us sifa had been built. Imaret and Hankah hasn't reached our day. As it is understood from the requirement lists in the records and endowment, the attention and care given to the patients in the first years in Manisa Mental hospital gave its place to heartbreaking situations in the last years, wrapping the naked bodies of the mental patients with the shepherd’s felt cloak and not being able to give pillows and blankets shows the incapable position of the establishment was in. With the rigors that the empire faced at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th centuries and the opening of other hospitals (public hospital), here was ignored. According to the endowment of Manisa Dar'us sifa; health and administrative staff strength had differed from the beginning to the end. It is seen that the staff had changed according to the needs of the hospital which had been completely allocated for the mental patients in recent years. It is known that Suleiman the Magnificent had an addendum done after the construction of the dar'us sifa in order to supply the salaries of the staff and put it in the endowment or document and it had become a tradition on the condition of making extra paste and distributing it to the needers every year. The yard facade of the classroom iwan in the Seljuk madrasahs was closed in the Ottoman rectangle madrasah plans and effusing, took the shape of an apparent body which can be realized from the facade. The vaulted open bodies on the two sides of classroom place in Bursa Yıldırım, developed into domed bigger places in the plan of Manisa Hafsa Sultan. In this study, ventilation, the effects of open and closed areas on patients and therapeutic environmental effects of daylight and window organizations, garden-yard, water factor and Turkish bath on the mental patients will be given

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