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Tevbe Sûresi Bağlamında Kummî Tefsirine Eleştirel Bir Yaklaşım Özet Bu çalışmada, Şîa’nın önemli tefsirlerinden biri sayılan “Tefsîru’l-Kummî” adlı eser Tevbe sûresi bağlamında eleştirel bir yaklaşımla ele alınmıştır. İlk dönem Şiî âlimlerinden Kummî, tefsirini Şîa mezhebinin esasları istikametinde ele almıştır. Tevbe sûresi, münafıkların davranışlarını, onların Müslümanlarla olan ilişkilerini tahlil etmesi ve Allah Resulü’nün hac emirliği hususunda yaptığı görev değişimini konu edinmesi yönüyle Şîa’ya mensup ilim adamlarının yoğun ilgisine mazhar olmuştur. Aynı şekilde sûrenin, nüzûl sebebi ve nüzûl zamanı gibi özel durumlar da Şîa’nın bu eğilimlerinde etkili olmuştur. Tevbe sûresinin tefsirinde, müellifin Şîa mezhebinin düşünceleri istikametinde ele aldığı ve bize göre yanlış yorumladığı âyetler tespit edilmiş, bu âyetler muhtelif tefsirlerle karşılaştırılarak eleştirel bir yaklaşımla incelenmiştir. Müfessirin, birçok yerde zikrettiği âyetle, yaptığı değerlendirmelerin tutarsız olduğu görülmektedir Müfessir, âyetlerde geçen övgü ifadelerinin tamamını Şîa imamlarının lehinde buna mukabil yergi ifadelerini ise onlara muhalif olanların aleyhinde yorumlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Kummî’nin bu yaklaşım tarzı muhtelif tefsirlerle karşılaştırarak ele almaya gayret edeceğiz. Anahtar Kelimeler: Tefsir, Kummî, Şîa, Mezheb, Taassup, Eleştiri ABSTRACT In this study, one of the important commentaries of Shia, "Tefsîru'l-Kummî", has been discussed with a critical approach in the context of Surah Tevbe. Kummi, one of the early Shiite scholars, dealt with his tafsir in the direction of the principles of the Shia sect. Due to the general conditions of the Surah Tevbe, such as analyzing the behavior of hypocrites, dealing with their relations with Muslims, and the change of duty of Allah's Messenger regarding the pilgrimage emirate, Shia's tend to show more inclination towards this surah. Likewise, the special conditions of the Surah at-Tawba, such as the reason for the revelation and the time of the revelation, were also effective in this tendency. In the interpretation of Surah Tawba, the verses that the author handled in the direction of the thoughts of the Shia sect and misinterpreted in our opinion were determined, and these verses were critically examined by comparing them with various commentaries. It is seen that the evaluations of the commentator with the verse he has mentioned in many places are inconsistent. In The commentator interpreted all the expressions of praise in the verses in favor of the imams, and the expressions of satire against those who oppose them. this study, we will try to deal with this approach of Kummî by comparing it with various commentaries. Keywords: Tafsir, Kummi, Shia, Sect, Bigotry, Criticism.
A critical approach to the Kummî interpretation in the context of the Tevbe Sûri Summary In this study, the work "Tefsîru'l-Kummî" is considered one of the important interpretations of the Shia with a critical approach in the context of the Tevbe Sûri. In the first verse of the Qur’an, the Qur’an was revealed in the first verse of the Qur’an. The Qur’an says that the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an. In the same way, the circumstances of the Sure, the reason of the Nûl and the time of the Nûl have also been effective in these trends. In the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). There are many verses in the Qur’an that reveal the truth, and the truth, and the truth, and the truth, and the truth, and the truth, and the truth, and the truth. In this study, we will try to deal with this approach of Kummî by comparing with various interpretations. In this study, one of the important commentaries of Shia, "Tefsîru'l-Kummî", has been discussed with a critical approach in the context of Surah Tevbe. Kummi, one of the early Shiite scholars, dealt with his interpretation in the direction of the principles of the Shia sect. Due to the general conditions of the Surah Tevbe, such as analyzing the behavior of hypocrites, dealing with their relations with Muslims, and the change of duty of Allah's Messenger regarding the pilgrimage emirate, Shia's tend to show more inclination towards this surah. Likewise, the special conditions of the Surah at-Tawba, such as the reason for the revelation and the time of the revelation, were also effective in this tendency. In the interpretation of Surah Tawba, the verses that the author acted in the direction of the thoughts of the Shia sect and misinterpreted in our opinion were determined, and these verses were critically examined by comparing them with various commentaries. It is seen that the evaluations of the commentator with the verse he has mentioned in many places are inconsistent. In The commentator interpreted all the expressions of praise in the verses in favor of the imams, and the expressions of satire against those who oppose them. in this study, we will try to deal with this approach of Mumbai by comparing it with various commentaries. Keywords: Shia, Shia, Sect, Bigotry, Criticism.
Field : İlahiyat
Journal Type : Ulusal
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