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Osmanlı bürokrasinde kullanılan layiha kelimesinin sözlük anlamı düşünülen bir şeyin yazı haline getirilmesidir. Bir başka ifadeyle, zaman zaman devlet görevlilerinin ülke meseleleri ile ilgili olarak hazırlayıp tespit ve çözümleri ifade ettikleri belgelerdir. Böylece devlet bu layihalar sayesinde halkın durumu ve ihtiyaçları hakkında bilgi edinirken hem de kaynaklarını nasıl kullanacağını ve bölgelerdeki sorunlara nasıl çözümler üreteceğine ilişkin arayışlara girebilmiştir. Muş, Osmanlı Devleti döneminde Türkler çoğunlukta olmak üzere Ermeni ve Kürtlerin de yaşadığı bir bölge niteliğini almıştır. 1880’lere gelindiğinde Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde ve özellikle de Muş’ta Ermeniler üzerinde Rus etkisi yeni yeni görülürken, Ermenilerin de çeteleşmeye giden bir sürece girdikleri görülmektedir. Layihanın buradaki önemi ise hemen bu gelişmelerin öncesindeki Muş ile ilgili bize bilgi vermesidir. Adı geçen bu layiha Muş Mutasarrıfı tarafından 1 Kasım 1880 (20 Teşrini evvel 296) tarihinde İstanbul’a gönderilmiştir. Layıhada; Muş'un nüfusu, coğrafi, ekonomik ve sosyal durumu, yolları, ulaşımı, iletişimi gibi konularda bilgiler ve bölgenin ihtiyaçları hakkında tespitler yapılmıştır. Sadece Muş değil aynı zamanda Muş’un kazalarındaki nüfus durumu, memleketin ve insanların ihtiyaçları tespit edilerek ilgili makama sunulmuştur. Ayrıca Muş’un ve çevresinin güvenliği, huzuru, ekonomik gelişmesi, eğitimi, insanlara daha iyi bir gelecek hazırlanması, insanların ihtiyacı olan iş ve iaşelerinin temini, askeriye, adliye, maarif, medreseler, vakıf, asayiş ve vilayet idaresinin ıslahı, vilayet gelirlerinin artırılması ve güçlendirilmesi konuları, layihasının içeriğinde mevcuttur. Muş ile ilgili layihalar incelendiğinde tarih içeresinde Muş çoğu zaman Bitlis ile birlikte anılmıştır. Bu nedenle hazırlanan layihalar da Bitlis/Muş üzerine olmuştur. Her ne kadar Bitlis ile ilgili bilgilere de bu layiha içerisinde yer almaktaysa da konu sınırlandırmasına gidilerek Muş ile ilgili kısım yani Muş üzerine yapılan bilgi ve değerlendirmelerin tahlili makalenin konusunu oluşturmaktadır.
The word layiha used in the Ottoman bureaucracy is the vocabulary meaning of making something thought to be written. In other words, it is the documents that government officials occasionally prepare and identify and express the solutions with regard to country matters. Thus, through these projects, the government has been able to find out about the situation and needs of the people, and to find out how to use their resources and how to produce solutions to the problems in the regions. In the period of the Ottoman State, Muş became a region where the Turks lived mostly, including the Armenians and the Kurds. In the 1880s, the Russian influence on the Armenians in the eastern Anatolian region and in particular in Moshe was newly seen, and the Armenians were also seen to enter a process of conflict. The importance of the merit here is that it gives us information about the Mush immediately before these developments. This name was sent to Istanbul by Muş Mutasarrıfı on 1 November 1880 (20 days before 296). Layıhada; the population of Muş, the geographical, economic and social status, the roads, transportation, communication and the needs of the region have been identified. Not only the Muş but also the population status in the Muş crashes, the needs of the country and the people were presented to the relevant authority. Moreover, security, peace, economic development, education, the preparation of a better future for people, the provision of the jobs and services people need, the military, the court, the maarif, the medreses, the foundation, the asset and the province administration, the increase and strengthening of the province income, the subjects are present in the contents of the project. When it comes to the story, it is often mentioned in the history of the story with Bitlis. Therefore, the goods that were prepared were also on Bitlis/Mush. Although the information related to Bitlis is also included in this layer, the subject is limited to the subject, the part related to Muş, the assessment of the information and assessments made on Muş constitutes the subject of the article.
The dictionary meaning of the word layiha used in the Ottoman bureaucracy is to translate something thought into writing. In other words, from time to time state officials prepare documents related to the issues of the country and express the solutions. In the Ottoman Empire layiha was used as two different types of documents: report and draft. Layihas written by bureaucrats who have knowledge about their regions are important in terms of the economic, social and cultural status of the region with which they are dealing. Thus, the state was not only able to obtain information about the situation and needs of the people but also search for how to use its resources and find solutions to the problems in the region. Muş became a region where the majority of Turks, Armenians and Kurds lived during the Ottoman Empire. In the 1880s, while the Russian influence on Armenians in the Eastern Anatolia Region and especially in Muş was felt, it was seen that Armenians entered a process leading to the gangs. The importance of Layiha here is to give us information about Muş immediately before these developments. This layiha was sent to Istanbul on November 1, 1880 by Muş Executive (20 teşrini Evvel 296). Information about the population, geographical, economic and social conditions of Muş, roads, transportation, communication and the needs of the region were determined. Not only Muş itself but also the population, accidents, needs of the country and people in Muş were also determined and presented to the relevant authority. In addition, the security, peace, economic development, education, preparing a better future for people, the provision of people's jobs and supplies, military, judiciary, education, madrasas, foundation, public order and provincial administration to increase the income and strengthening issues in Muş and its environment are available in the content of this layiha. When the layihas about Muş were examined, it could be seen that Muş was often mentioned with Bitlis. Therefore, the layihas prepared were also on Bitlis/ Muş. Although there is also some information about Bitlis in this layiha, the subject of the article, the limitation of the subject, the analysis of the information and evaluations were carried out on Muş.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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