Özet:

The Industrial Revolution, which began in Europe, in Britain in particular, during the second half of the 19th century grew in dimensions that would affect the world in a global scale in just hundered years. This new age, the modern age, shaped by the Industrial Revolution had profound effects in many aspects of the modern life. Facing the dramatic increases in city population and population density that cause hygiene issues, the modern man/woman began to desire a more livable city environment. The governments also sought remedies to the negative effects of the rapidly changing times by utilizing the new scientific advances and opportunities. In its modernization efforts, the Ottoman government and administrative authorities of the 19th century followed the examples of the European cities in making rearrangements to create better living conditions in the cities, giving the biggest attention to Istanbul. In this respect, the Istanbul Municipality (Şehremaneti) began its municipal operations primarily in Beyoğlu, which was predominantly inhabited by non-Muslim and Frenk population. In time the number and scope of the municipal units increased and the municipality placed efforts in the sanitation and order of the streets, also expanding many of them. There are various studies on this subject that deal with the sanitation and hygiene issues of Istanbul during the classical and modern ages. Our study, nevertheless, aims to spot the repercussions of the city restructuring efforts of the Ottoman state in Istanbul, in particular the municipal services that began in the second half of the 19th century by surveying the contemporary newspapers, memoirs and travelogues. In analysing the sources the critical, ironic and humorous approach was put to the fore. The period we examined corresponded to the times when the Istanbul came into existence and increased in variety. The press allowed an outlet for people to discuss the issues of hygiene, sanitation, and order in the City. In this direction, it was observed that the inhabitants of Istanbul were not indifferent to the problems surrounding them, and made their complaints and recommendations heard via press.

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