Abstract:

In the early years of the Republic, the vast majority of the population lived in the countryside, the villages were a place where abandoned agricultural methods were applied and the absence of years of war and destruction were seen in every stage of life. Anatolia was completely neglected in terms of educational activities. During this period, the Misak-i Maarif General Meeting, the First Committee Scientific Meeting, the invitation of foreign experts to the country and the first steps of the transformation of the field of education tried to be done. The National Messages Movement, which was launched for the implementation of the Harf Inquisition and the public teaching of the new alphabet, reflects the education and public view of the Republic period. Village institutions are the most important activity in the field of education of the Republic's enlightenment. The intellectual substructure of the institutions, which were launched in 1935 and entered into the experiment in 1937, is seen as the state's basic method of education by the law issued in 1940. The educational policies between 1923 and 1950 have been aimed at showing the necessary interest to the Turkish nation, which has been used as the original element in the wars for years and has always been neglected, and the goal of ensuring the durability of the principles of the Republic and the possession of these principles by the training of the Anadolu.

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