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  Citation Number 2
 Views 34
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SOSYAL TRANSFER HARCAMALARI-GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİ İLİŞKİSİ: KARŞILAŞTIRMALI PANEL NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ
2021
Journal:  
Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Pek çok gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke açısından gelir eşitsizliği seviyelerinde meydana gelen artışlar kamunun vergiler, transfer ödemeleri ile kamusal mal ve hizmet sunumu aracılığıyla ekonomiye müdahalesinin yetersiz ve etkinsiz gerçekleşmesi nedeniyle kaçınılmaz olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Özellikle, kamu harcamaları çerçevesinden bakıldığında düşük gelir gruplarına yapılan transfer ödemelerinin gelir eşitsizliğini azaltmakta kilit bir rol oynadığı öne sürülebilmektedir. Zira, birçok çalışmada toplam gelir eşitsizliğinin analiz edilmesinde en yaygın kullanılan ölçüt olan Gini katsayısının kamunun yeniden dağıtım politikaları içerisinde en fazla transfer harcamalarına duyarlı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal transfer harcamaları ve gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisinin ülkelerin gelir düzeyindeki farklılıkların analize dâhil edilerek ortaya koyulmasıdır. Bu çerçevede, analize konu edilen 60 adet ülke Dünya Bankası’nın sınıflandırmasına göre ayrıştırılmış ve 1996-2018 yıllarını kapsayan dönemde sosyal transfer harcamaları-gelir eşitsizliği ilişkisinin tespiti için Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik analizi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, hem yüksek gelir grubuna dâhil ülkelerde hem de yüksek-orta ve düşük-orta gelir grubuna dâhil ülkelerde sosyal transfer harcamaları ve gelir eşitsizliği arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ancak, yüksek gelir grubuna dâhil ülkelerde bu ilişki göreli olarak daha güçlü ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Keywords:

Social Transfer Expenses-Income Disability Relationship: Admissible Panel Reasibility Analysis
2021
Author:  
Abstract:

In many developed and developing countries, increases in income inequality are inevitably due to the inadequate and ineffective occurrence of public taxes, transfer payments and public goods and services through economic intervention. In particular, from the framework of public spending, it can be suggested that transfer payments to low-income groups play a key role in reducing income inequality. Zira, many studies have concluded that the Gini ratio, the most commonly used measure in the analysis of total income inequality, is the most sensitive to the transfer spending in the public’s re-distribution policies. The aim of this study is to identify the social transfer expenditure and income inequality ratio by analyzing the differences in the country’s income levels. In this framework, 60 countries subject to the analysis were divided according to the World Bank’s classification and the Damitrescu-Hurlin panel cause analysis was used to identify the social transfer expenditure-income inequality relationship in the period covering the years 1996-2018. The findings indicate that there is a bilateral causal relationship between social transfer expenditure and income inequality in countries including the high-income group and in countries including the high-mediate and low-income group. However, in countries including the high-income group, this relationship appears relatively stronger.

Keywords:

The Relationship Of Social Transfer Expenditures-income Inequality: A Comparative Panel Causality Analysis
2021
Author:  
Abstract:

Increases in income inequality levels for many developed and developing countries inevitably arise due to the inadequate and inefficient intervention of the public in the economy through taxes, transfer payments and the provision of public goods and services. From the public expenditure perspective, it can be asserted that especially transfer payments to low-income groups play a key role in reducing income inequality. In many studies, it has been concluded that the Gini coefficient, which is the most widely used criterion in analyzing the total income inequality, is the most reactive to transfer expenditures among the public redistribution policies. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between social transfer expenditures and income inequality by including the discrepancies in income levels of the countries. In this framework, 60 countries subject to the analysis have been separated according to the classification of the World Bank and Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality analysis has been implemented to determine the relationship between social transfer expenditures and income inequality in the period of 1996-2018. The findings point that there is a two-way causality relationship between social transfer expenditures and income inequality in high-income countries and high-middle and low-middle income countries. However, this relationship emerges relatively robust in high-income countries.

Keywords:

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Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

Metrics
Article : 942
Cite : 8.693
2023 Impact : 0.336
Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi