Özet:

Advanced maternal age, obesity, presence of family history of diabetes and macrosomic child delivery are common risk factors for gestational diabetes (GDM). The increase in pregnancy weight and the number of pregnancies are also possible risk factors. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of common and possible risk factors with GDM development. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was planned with a structured questionnaire on GDM screening. For this purpose, pregnant patients who applied to the Hatay State Hospital gynecology and obstetric outpatient clinic between January and October 2017 were included in the study. 181 case records who were applied a two-step oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were scanned. 102 participants were included in this study. In our study, the data were analyzed statistically using 95% confidence, using the SPSS 22 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) package program. The significance level of all the tests used was determined to be 0.05. Pearson-Continuity Correction-Fisher Exact Chi-Square tests, binary logistic regression (enter method) analyses were used in the study. Results: 74 of our 102 participants (72.50%) were non-GDM and 28 (27.50%) were GDM. The average age is 29.04 ± 6.11. Univariate relations with GDM are investigated, age (p=0.001), prevalence of GDM at previous pregnancies (p=0.002), presence of diabetes mellitus family history (p=0.001), increase of body weight in pregnancy (p=0.011), presence of glycosuria before pregnancy (p= 0.020), multiple pregnancies (p=0. 012), presence of macrosomic baby delivery (p=0.027). However, when the significance of risk factors is evaluated together with logistic regression analysis, advancing maternal age, multiple pregnancies and the presence of diabetes mellitus family history increases the risk of GDM. Body mass index (BMI) and the weight of the first two trimesters weight> 8 kg are not significant. Conclusion: Presence of diabetes mellitus family history, increased maternal age together with BMI, multiple pregnancies increases GDM risk. These risk factors need to be considered in prenatal screening.

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