Abstract:

The phenomenon of modernization in human history, which corresponds to a new cultural state and level of consciousness, has reached a widespread way of life through the processes of illumination, industrialization and globalization. Modernization, which affects traditional forms of relationships and beliefs systems, has directly affected all institutions, including family, law, economy and politics. Modernization has eliminated the historical power of religion and its unilateral position. Thus the conservative characteristic of the traditional society, which is inherent in religion, has changed, has been purified from human holiness, and the thought has become secular. The phenomena of secularization, multiplication and individualization, which are the reflection of modernization, have established a religious concept that is subjected to the traditional, corporate religion. The uncertainty of the modern world and the crisis of meaning have brought a new direction against religion in this context. The New Religious Movements and the New Age Streams have been the areas where this direction has been concrete. The New Religious Movements, which influenced many people in the Western world at the level of faith and behavior, find themselves living as reactive manifestations of conformity and incompatibility to the new conditions of the modern era. New Religious Movements alongside religious belief, scientific thought, mind, mental and physical health, medical treatment, consumption, etc. It has a structure that contains areas. The phenomenon of modernization, which transformed the cultures and beliefs, has over time influenced the Islamic communities and transformed the community character. This study aims to analyze the effects of modernization on religious formations in the context of the facts expressed by the concepts of secularization, multiplication and individualization.

Keywords: