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Günümüzde insan üretim faktörlerinin en önemli parçası konumundadır. Bu nedenle, insanın işe işin insana uyumunu amaçlayan ergonomi üretim süreçlerinde verimliliğin artırılmasında önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Özellikle emek yoğun işletmelerde, ergonomik faktörlerin dikkate alınmaması, çalışan verimliliğini olumsuz etkilemekle birlikte çalışanlarda kalıcı mesleki hastalıklara sebep olabilmektedir. Bu çerçevede işletmelerde ergonomik risklerin ortadan kaldırılması, çalışanların performans ve verimlilikleri üzerinde son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, bir işletmede ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemleri kullanılarak süreçlerin analiz edilmesi ve çözüm önerilerinin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Malatya 2. Organize Sanayiinde bağlantı elemanları sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir fabrika uygulama yeri olarak seçilmiştir. Cıvata üretimi yapan fabrikada ana süreçlerden birisi olan tel çekme bölümü çalışmanın odak noktasını oluşturmuştur. Bu çerçevede öncelikle bölüm sorumlusu ve çalışanlarla derinlemesine mülakatlarla mevcut durum analizi gerçekleştirilmiş, yerleşim planı detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiş, fabrika ortamında aksiyon kameraları ile farklı açılardan, çeşitli zamanlarda yaklaşık 36 saat süreyle süreçlerin görüntü kaydı yapılmış ve tel çekiminde kullanılan makinelerin detaylı iş akış şemaları oluşturulmuştur. Çalışanların duruş pozisyonlarına ilişkin açı değerleri Dartfish paket programı yardımıyla hesaplanmıştır. Tüm bu elde edilen veriler çerçevesinde tel çekme bölümündeki çalışanların kas ve iskelet sistemlerinde zorlanmalara neden olabilecek 55 süreç literatürde sıkça kullanılan REBA, RULA ve QEC yöntemleri aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda özellikle kalın çapta tel çekimi yapan makinedeki görevlerin büyük çoğunluğunun çok yüksek risk ve yüksek risk grubunda yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ergonomik açıdan riskli olduğu tespit edilen görevler için iyileştirme önerileri sunulmuştur.
Today, human production is the most important part of human production. Therefore, it plays an important role in improving efficiency in the ergonomial production processes that aim to adapt the work of the person to the person. Especially in work-intense enterprises, the lack of ergonomic factors can cause permanent occupational diseases in employees while negatively affect the efficiency of employees. In this context, the elimination of ergonomic risks in the enterprises is extremely important for the performance and efficiency of employees. This study aims to analyze processes using ergonomic risk assessment methods in an enterprise and present solutions recommendations. In this case, Malatya 2. In the organized industry, the connection elements are selected as a factory applied site that operates in the industry. The wire drawing department, which is one of the main processes in the factory that produces cottage, has created the focus of the work. In this framework, the current situation analysis was first done with deep interviews with the department managers and employees, the settlement plan was thoroughly studied, action cameras in the factory environment from different angles, images of the processes were recorded for approximately 36 hours in different times and detailed workflow schemes of the machines used in wire drawing were created. The angle values for employees’ position positions are calculated with the help of the Dartfish package program. All of these obtained data have been analyzed through the methods REBA, RULA and QEC that are commonly used in literature, 55 processes that can cause problems in the muscle and skeletal systems of the staff in the drawing department. The results of the analysis found that the majority of the tasks in the machine, especially the thick-dimensional wire drawing, are in the very high risk and high risk group. Improving recommendations are presented for tasks that are ergonomically dangerous.
Today, it is the most important part of human production factors. For this reason, ergonomics plays an important role, aiming the harmony of work to people and people to work. Especially in labor-intensive businesses, neglecting ergonomic factors negatively affects employee productivity and causes permanent occupational diseases in employees. In this context, the elimination of ergonomic risks in the enterprises is extremely important on the performance and productivity of the employees. In this study, it is aimed to analyze processes and offer solutions by using ergonomic risk assessment methods in an enterprise. In this context, a factory operating in the fasteners sector in Malatya 2nd Organized Industry was chosen as a place of application. Wire drawing section, which is one of the main processes in the factory that produces bolts, was the focal point of the study. In this framework, the current situation analysis was carried out primarily with in-depth interviews with department managers and employees, the layout plan was examined in detail, the process was recorded for approximately 36 hours at various times with action cameras in factory environment and detailed work flow charts of the machines used in wire drawing were created. Angle values of the employees' posture positions were calculated with the help of Dartfish package program. Within the framework of all these data, 55 processes that can cause difficulties in the muscle and skeletal systems of the wire drawing department have been analyzed through REBA, RULA and QEC methods, which are frequently used in the literature. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the vast majority of the tasks in the machine, especially those with thick wire drawing, are in the very high risk and high risk group. Improvement recommendations for tasks found to be ergonomically risky have been presented
Field : Fen Bilimleri ve Matematik; Mühendislik
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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