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Vakıflar, İslam medeniyetinin önemli unsurlarından birini teşkil eden hayır kurumlarıdır. Vakıfların faaliyet alanı tarihi süreç içinde genişlemiş ve özellikle Osmanlı döneminde paranın vakfedilmesi uygulaması kısa sürede yaygınlaşmıştır. İlke olarak, vakfedilen malın gayri menkul/akar olması esastır. Bu sebeple, para vakıfları konusunda ciddi tartışmalar ortaya çıkmış ve özellikle Kanuni döneminde Ebüssuûd Efendi (ö. 982/1574) ve Çivizâde Muhyiddin Mehmed Efendi (ö. 954/1547) gibi ulemânın karşılıklı olarak kaleme aldığı risalelerde tez ve anti tezler ortaya konularak mesele derinlemesine tartışılmıştır. Tartışmaların yoğun yaşandığı dönemde henüz genç bir medrese talebesi olan Birgivî (ö. 981/1573), 1548’de Kanûnî’nin emriyle konu nihai olarak para vakıfları lehine karara bağlanmasına rağmen, sonraki yıllarda kaleme aldığı eser ve risalelerde paranın vakfının cevazına ve mevcut uygulama biçimine karşı çıkmıştır. Çalışmamız, konunun fıkhi ve tarihi arka planını, önceki tartışmaların taraflarını muhtasar biçimde ele aldıktan sonra, İmam Birgivî’nin konuyla ilgili görüş ve eleştirilerini, konuya değindiği dört eseri çerçevesinde ortaya koymaya çalışacaktır.
The foundation is one of the important elements of the Islamic civilization. The field of activity of the foundations has expanded throughout the historic process and the application of funding of money, especially in the Ottoman period, has rapidly spread. First, it is necessary that the asset is unfaithful. Therefore, serious disputes arose about the funds of money, and especially in the Legislative Period, the Lord of Ebüssuûd (p. 982/1574) and Muhyiddin Mehmed Efendi in Çivizâde. 954/1547) in the records that the ulemani reciprocally painted, the thesis and anti-thesis were discussed deeply. In the midst of the trial, a young man was called for a trial. 981/1573), in 1548 with the order of the Kanûnî, the issue was finally decided in favor of the monetary foundations, but in the subsequent years it was opposed to the response of the monetary foundations and the current way of application. Our study, after discussing the phishing and historical background of the subject, the sides of the previous discussions in a summary way, will try to reveal the views and criticism of Imam Birgivî on the subject, in the framework of the four works he addressed the subject.
Waqfs are charities that constitute one of the important elements of Islamic civilization. The scope of activities of the foundations expanded in the historical process and the application of cash waqfs in the Ottoman period became widespread in a short time. In principle, a waqf can only be established based on real estate property. For this reason, serious debates arose about cash waqfs especially in the period of Kanuni, the thesis and anti-theses were put forward in the treatises written by the ulema such as Ebussuûd Efendi (d. 982/1574) and Çivizâde Muhyiddin Mehmed Efendi (d. 954/1547). Imam Birgivî (d. 981/1573), was a young madrasa student during the time when the discussions were intense. Although the subject was decided in favor of the cash waqfs with the order of Kanûnî in 1548, he opposed this practice in the works and treaties he wrote in the following years. Our study, after discussing the fiqh related and historical background of the subject, and the parties of the previous debates, will try to put forward the opinions and criticisms of Imam Birgivî on the subject within the frame of his four treatises on this subject.
Field : İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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