Abstract:

During the 2007 Global Crisis and the subsequent Covid-19 period, it was observed that the expenditures of states and therefore their role in the economy increased. Fiscal policy tools, and especially the expenditure items that constitute social state expenditures, have been used more intensively in recent years to eliminate imbalances and instabilities in the economy. During the global crisis and the Covid-19 period, which constitutes the scope of the study, states intervened in the economy by increasing social state expenditures in order to overcome the negativities affecting demand and supply. Increasing social state expenditures has been effective in solving the problems of insufficient demand and supply congestion in the economy. The instability problems experienced in the economy during the Covid-19 period and other periods show that the regulatory and supportive power of states must be constantly present. This is necessary for the continuity of growth and employment. States should make expenditures that support consumers and producers in the economy through social state expenditures. In this study, social state expenditures made in 2020-2021, which constitute the Covid-19 period, were examined by taking into account other years and on the basis of some countries where Covid-19 was effective. In this period, as social state expenditures; it has been observed that expenditures such as social protection expenditures, unemployment insurance, short-time working practices, social assistance expenditures for those in need, health expenditures, universal basic income, and citizenship income (salary) applications have been put into practice by different countries. In the study, a national model that can be applied in every situation that will provide sustainable growth and employment for every country has been proposed within the scope of social expenditures.

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