Abstract:

Backgrounds: PTSD occurs as a result of an extreme event in which the person perceived a threat of death or physical integrity or suffered a serious injury. The traumatic aspect of such events is the dimension of the unexpected and unpredictable, which triggers intense anxiety and feelings of helplessness with symptoms such as fear, depression, and hypochondriacal anxiety. Physical trauma causes a breakdown of the boundaries of the self and the connection between the body ego and the psychological ego is severely tested. Trauma abruptly breaks through para-excitatory barriers, confronts suffering and depressive experiences, and often brings narcissistic and loss wounds into contact. Sometimes the effects of physical trauma reactivate earlier psychological trauma, and the inability to make sense of what has happened represents a traumatic overlap.

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