Özet:

Since the last decade of the twentieth century, it is seen that the world’s advanced capitalist centers have passed into a stage of “new capitalism” based on knowledge and innovation. One of the objectives of this article is to study the modern mainstream and Marxist theories of developing contemporary capitalism in the central countries. On the other hand, the other purpose of this article is to discuss whether the Turkish economy carries the minimum conditions for such structural transformation. This article presents a radical criticism of the simple and insufficient structures of contemporary main-powered information theories. Nevertheless, it can be suggested that the Marxian theories provide a more comprehensive, complex and multi-dimensional perspective of contemporary capitalism. The Marxian new capitalism theories studied in this study include: the theory of digital capitalism, the autonomist theory, the theory of cognitive capitalism, the theory of transnational cognitive capitalism and the theory of cognitive materialism. The Marxian theories, which see the new capitalism as a stage of historical capitalism, include the historical dimension of social relations, the development of productive powers, the knowledge-power relations and class contradictions in their theoretical analysis. Techno-imser Orthodox economists thought that the new capitalism would create high-quality, high-paid jobs and also end social inequality and economic stagnation. However, it is observed that the digital transformation increases the problem of excess accumulation in central countries, increases economic inequalities, spreads mass unemployment, and increases insecure/temporary employment. On the other hand, it is believed that the semi-environmental economies of the global economy must transform their economies according to the needs of this new era in order to be able to close the gap between the advanced capitalist centers in the new capitalism era. In Turkey, both ‘elite’ intellectual work is quantitatively and qualitatively insufficient, and the mass intellectuality, which is a mandatory element of cognitive capitalism, has not evolved. Furthermore, the significant ‘building weaknesses’ of the Turkish economy and the relatively insufficient resources dedicated to science and technology are significant obstacles to a technologically-oriented long-term economic transformation.

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