Özet:

From the past years to the present day, numerous studies were performed to achieve more economically viable and efficient care-feeding of calves and to avoid the mistakes made in the traditional practices of classical enterprises. Although the results obtained in these studies were thought to have contributed to the enterprises’ economies in the short term, it has later been determined that a number of adverse effects have taken hold over time. These adverse effects show themselves in different ways. Cows are exposed to additional stress factors caused by these practices and often suffer from various fertility problems. As a result of all these unfavorable developments, calf and milk related incomes of the enterprises have decreased, and they have suffered from yield loss due to various diseases and stress factors, in addition to the treatment costs.Taking animal welfare into consideration as well, new studies should be carried out to eliminate these negative effects and to obtain healthy animal products in high yield herds. 

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