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Arap edebiyatı tarihinde şâirler, “Câhiliyyûn”, “Muhadramûn”, “Mütekaddimûn/İslâmiyyûn” ve “Müvelledûn/Muhdesûn” olmak üzere dört tabakaya ayrılır. Bunlardan ilk iki tabakanın şiirleri, ittifakla bütün “dil ilimleri”nde -ve dolayısıyla pek çok hususta dil ilimlerine dayanan “din ilimleri”nde- şâhid/delil olarak kabul edilir. Bu “temel” mesabesindeki konumundan dolayı olsa gerek, 19. Yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren bazı müsteşrikler ve onların İslâm dünyasındaki takipçileri tarafından, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve hadîs-i şeriflerin güvenilirliği konusunda olduğu gibi, eski Arap şiirinin (özellikle ilk iki tabakanın şiirlerinin) intikali ve orijinalliği konusunda da çeşitli iddialar ileri sürülerek birtakım şüpheler oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Üzerinden çok zaman geçmeden konunun İslâm dünyasındaki uzmanları ve bazı müsteşrikler tarafından bu iddialar ele alınarak mesnedsizliği ortaya konmuş ve konuyla ilgili bir literatür meydana getirilmiştir. Fuat Sezgin de Târîhu’t-türâsi’l-Arabî (Almanca aslı: Geschichte des Arabischen Schrifttums [GAS]) adlı eserinin şiire ayırdığı 2. cildinin 1. cüz’ündeki giriş bölümlerinde konuyu ele almış; 2. cüz’ünde ise 50/670 yılına kadarki dönemde yaşamış olan 282 şâiri çeşitli gruplara ayırarak tanıtmış ve şiirleriyle ilgili literatürü tespit etmiştir. Bu çalışmada önce, Fuat Sezgin’in bakışıyla, iddialar tespit edilerek cevapları verilecek; ardından konuyla ilgili literatürün küçük bir kronolojik listesi sunulmaya çalışılacaktır.
In the Arabic literature, the poems are divided into four layers: “Cahiliyyûn”, “Muhadramûn”, “Mütekaddimûn/Islamiyyûn” and “Müvelledûn/Muhdesûn”. The poems of the first two layers are considered as witnesses in all the “language sciences” – and therefore in the “religious sciences” based on the language sciences in many aspects. That’s because of the position in this “basic” message. From the second half of the century, some mysticists and their followers in the Islamic world have sought to create a number of doubts by raising various claims about the reliability of the Qur’an-i-Kerîm and Hadîs-i sheriffs, as well as the inticality and originality of ancient Arab poems (especially the poems of the first two layers). A long time ago, the subject was discussed by the experts in the Islamic world and by some mysticists, and a literature on the subject was created. Fuat Sezgin de Târîhu't-Turâsi'l-Arabî (German: Geschichte des Arabischen Schrifttums [GAS]) addressed the issue in the entry sections of the 2nd edition of the 1st edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition of the 2nd edition. First in this study, in the sight of Fuat Sezgin, the claims will be identified and the answers will be given; then a small chronological list of the literature on the subject will be tried to be presented.
In the history of Arabic literature, poets are divided into four groups: “Cahiliyyun”, “Muhadramun”, “Mutaqaddimun/ Islamiyyun”, “Muwalladun/Muhdasun”. Poems of the first two groups are considered as evidence in all “language sciences”, unanimously, and “religious sciences”, which are based on linguistics in many aspects. Due to the abovementioned position, since the second half of the nineteenth century, a number of suspicions have been sought by some orientalists and their followers in the Islamic world. They made various claims about the authenticity of the old Arabic poetry, as well as the reliability of the Qur’an and the hadiths. Shortly after, it was revealed by the experts in the Islamic world and some orientalists that the allegations were unfounded. And a relevant literature has been produced. Fuat Sezgin discussed the subject in Chapter 1 of Volume 2 of his book Tārīh al-Turāth al-Arabī (German original: Geschichte des Arabischen Schrifttums [GAS]). In the second Chapter, he introduced 282 poets who lived in the period up to 50/670, and divided them into various groups and determined the literature about his poems. In this study, first of all, with the view of Fuat Sezgin, the claims will be identified, and their answers will be given. Then, a small chronological list of relevant literature will be presented.
Alan : İlahiyat
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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