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Abstract Introduction: This study focused on the effectiveness of municipal Sanitary Surveillance actions carried out in the context of clinical laboratories under the jurisdiction of the Regional Health Superintendence of Patos de Minas, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Objective: To verify if the Sanitary Surveillance followed eleven regulations set forth by Resolution No. 302/2015 of the Collegiate Board of Directors of the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency when issuing sanitary permits to such laboratories. Methods: Data were collected from 181 annual health inspection reports from 2006 to 2013. Simple frequency and cross-checking analyses were carried out to treat data. Results: Sanitary Surveillance actions were still incipient in years 2006 and 2007. From 2008 on, however, there has been a significant increase in such actions, although they have shown to be less effective when it comes to compliance with items that are closely related to accuracy of laboratory tests and to the safety of patients and staff. Conclusion: the lack of effectiveness concerning Sanitary Surveillance actions is serious and brings out problems experienced by its team. Such problems ought to be investigated and resolved in order to improve the quality of the services provided by clinical laboratories. Author Biographies Deusa Helena Gonçalves Machado, Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas (UNIPAM), Patos de Minas, MG Graduada em Ciências Biológias pelo Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas. Especialista em Vigilância Sanitária de Alimentos pela Escola de Saúde de Minas Gerais. Especialista em Direito Sanitária pela Escola de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais. Especialista em Docência em Saúde pelo Centro Universitário de Patos de Minas. Mestranda em Ciências da Saúde pelo IAMSPE, São Paulo. José Lúcio Martins Machado, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP Professor orientador da Pós-Graduação do mestrado e doutorado do Hospital Servidor Público Estadual- IAMSPE e professor pesquisador e orientador permanente do Mestrado em Gestão da Inovação e Tecnologia em Saúde do Instituto Sírio Libanes de Ensino e Pesquisa. Cristiane Bitencourt Dias, Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, SP Médica Assistente Doutora da Disciplina de Nefrologia do HCFMUSP / Médica Preceptora do Serviço de Clínica Médica do HSPE / Professora do Curso de Medicina da UNICID

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