Özet:

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of strength training on land and in water, in addition to swimming training, on physical performance and swimming performance. A total of 28 competitive swimmers aged 12-14 years participated in the study. Swimmers; divided into three groups as water (gender 4 female, 5 male, age 12.6±0.50 years, height 155.1±5,44 cm, body weight 46.5±4.36 kg, BMI 14±2.58) land (gender 4 female, 5 male, age 13.3±0.50 years, height 162.9±9, 26 cm, body weight 56.1±11.26 kg, BMI 19.7±6.83) and control group (gender 5 female, 5 male, age 13.1±0.74 years, height 156.1±5.80 cm, body weight 44.19±5.78 kg, BMI 12.6±3.12). During the 8-week training period of the study, the groups continued their routine swimming training, the water group performed strength training in the water, the land group performed strength training on land and the control group performed swimming training only. Three measurements were taken from the swimmers as pre-test, intermadiate-test and post-test. On land, vertical jump, 30 s sit-up, 30 s push-up, hand grip strength, back and leg strength measurements and in water, 25, 50, 100 m free swimming, stroke ratio and stroke length tests were performed. When analysing the data in SPSS 20, the Friedman test (2-1;3-1;3-2) was used to examine the changes in the differences between three measurement times, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to see which group the differences between variables came from, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparisons between groups. According to the results of the statistical analyses; a significant difference was found in the development of back and leg strength between the water and land groups, right hand grip strength of the control group, left hand grip strength of the water and control groups, 25 and 50 m free swimming and stroke ratio measurements of the water group (p<0.05). Significant differences were found between the control and land groups for back strength in favour of the land group, and between the control and water groups for 25 and 50 m free swimming time results in favour of the water group (p<0.05). It was observed that strength training in water improved back and leg strength, but also affected stroke parameters and swimming time by transferring the gained strength to the water, whereas strength training on land had positive effects on some strength parameters. When evaluating the increase in strength and performance compared to the control group, it is recommended that coaches can use strength training on land to increase strength on land and strength training in water to transfer gained strength to the water and increase performance in swimming, in addition to swimming training.

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