Abstract:

As a result of political and historical conditions, the modern Syrian literature, which we began to see the new forms of modern literature after the second half of the 19th century, was studied under the name of Biladash-Sham, which includes Palestine, Beirut and Jordan. In Egypt, the beginning center of modern Arab literature, the outcome point of the novel in the literary process of classism, romanticism and realism is romanticism, while the first mature products in Syria appeared under the influence of realism. The socialist reality, which ruled over Egypt in the 1940s, was the result of the alliance of the power with Syria after the Free Officers Revolution, which ruled the country’s literature as well. The symbolic name of social realism in this country is Hannâ Mînâ's es-Selcu Ye'ti mine'n-Nâfizeti (Kar Camdan Comes, 1999) novel, with the references to the existencial philosophy that defends the idea that man builds his existence with his preferences, the social change begins from the individual with the other examples of the genre. The attitude the author defends in the individual’s construction is shaped around the values he believes, but the line of thought-treatment-depletion constitutes the spine of every religious and political ideology. The novel, which, addressing social problems, puts one foot on socialist realism and another on existence, is dressed in the ideological design of man. This study points to the role of the novel in the structure of society by focusing on the forms of speech and action that puts the individual in the forefront in society building.