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Kur’ân-ı Kerim, indirilişinden günümüze kadar, mucize bir kitap olarak, bilim, tarih, dil, belâgat ve başka yönleriyle varlığını korumuştur. Sayılanlar arasında belâgat yönü en önemli olanıdır. Çünkü her sûrede, hatta bütün dilsel yapılarında ona eşlik etmekte ve yüce Allah’ın sözlerini duyan herkes tarafından onun ihtişamı hissedilmektedir. Belâgat ilmine ise, üç kısma ayrılır: Meânî ilmi, beyân ilmi ve bedî ilmi. Bu çalışmada belâgat ilminin tanımı ele alınmış, daha sonra onun ortaya çıkışı ve gelişimi hakkında tarihsel bir genel bakış yapılmıştır. Daha sonra teşbih sanatının tanımı, kavramı ve rükünleri tanımlanarak ve teşbihden bazı örnekler verilerek anlatılmaya geçilmiştir. Daha sonra istiâre sanatının tanımı, kavramı, rükünleri ve bazı kısımları tanımlanarak ve istiâreden bazı örnekler verilerek anlatılmaya geçilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın önemi, belâgat sürecinin farklı dönemleri üzerinden kurallarını belirlemede belâgat âlimlerinin görüşlerine dayalı olarak özetle genel bir fikir vermesidir. Beyân ilminin gelişiminin tarihini takip eden kişi, ilk özellikleri netleşmeye başladığından, Sekkâkı'nın tarafından tamamlanmasına ve olgunlaşmasına kadar onun âlimlerinin çabalarının boyutunu izler. Bu çalışma, Bakara Suresi'nden bazı Kur’ân örneklerini inceleyerek, teşbih ve istiâre arasındaki farklara ve her birinin ayırt edici özelliklerine ışık tutmaya çalışmıştır. Bu farklılıkların amaçlanan anlama ve istenilen ilâhî maksatlara ne kattığını açıklığa kavuşturduğu ve beyân ilminde içerdikleri edebî hazineleri ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bize özellikle Kur’ân-ı Kerim-i anlamak için yeni fikirler gösterirlar, böylece örnekler gerçekten büyüleyici bir şekilde istenen gayesi ve kastedilen anlamları ifade etmiştir.
The Qur’an has kept its existence from its discretion to the present day, as a miraculous book, with science, history, language, documentation and other aspects. The most important is the number of people. For in every verse, even in all his linguistic structures, he accompanies him, and his glory is felt by everyone who hears the words of the Most High God. There are three kinds of knowledge: knowledge, knowledge, and knowledge. In this study, the definition of the documentary science was discussed, and a historical general view of its appearance and development was later made. Then the definition of the promotion art, the concept and the rucks were defined and some examples of the promotion were given to be explained. After that, the definition of the art, the concept, the rituals and some parts were defined, and some examples of the art were given. The importance of this study is to give a general idea based on the opinions of the doctors in determining their rules through the different periods of the documentation process. The person who follows the history of the development of the Bean knowledge follows the size of the efforts of his wives, since the first characteristics begin to become clear, until it is completed by the Sekkâki and mature. This study, by studying some examples of the Qur’an from the Bakara Sura, tried to keep light on the differences between encouragement and discretion and the distinctive characteristics of each. These differences have revealed the purpose of understanding and what it has added to the desired divine purposes and the literary treasures they contain in the knowledge. They show us new ideas specifically to understand the Qur’an, so the examples have truly fascinatingly expressed the desired purpose and the intended meaning.
The Holy Qur’an, since it was revealed to our present time, has remained the miraculous book with its various scientific, historical, linguistic, rhetorical and other aspects. As for the rhetorical part of it, it remains the original aspect. As it accompanies him in every surah, and even in all its linguistic structures, and everyone who hears the words of Great Allh feels its magnificence. As for the science of rhetoric, it is divided into three sections: the science of al-Maani, the science of al-Bayan and the science of al-Badi. This study dealt with the definition of the science of al-Bayan, then provided a historical overview of its emergence and development, then shed light on to the science of al-Tashbih by defining it, identifying its concept and its elements, and presenting some examples of it, then talking about al-İstiara by defining it, identifying its concept and elements, explaining some of its divisions, and providing some examples of it. The importance of this study is that it presents a general idea briefly about the march of the development of the science of al-Bayan and its art of Tashbih and Istiara in its successive eras until the establishment of its rules. The follower of the history of the development of the science of the al-Bayan monitors the extent of the efforts of its scholars since its first features began to be clarified until its completion and maturity by al-Sakaki. This study attempted to present and analyze some Quranic examples of Tashbih and Istiara from Surat Al-Baqara, by presenting their distinctive properties for each of them. At the end of the study, the most important differences between Tashbih and Istiara were highlighted, as these differences showed what they add to the intended meaning and the desired divine purposes, and revealed the literary treasures they contain in the science of al-Bayan, showed particularly novel ideas for understanding the Holy Qur’an. The examples really did magically express the desired goal and the intended meanings.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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