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Konut sorunu, kırsal alanlardan şehirlere olan göçün yarattığı en temel sorunlardan biri olmuştur. Dünya genelinde şehirleşmenin yaygınlaşmasıyla daha büyük boyutlara varan bu sorunun çözümü için devletler çeşitli yöntemler geliştirmişlerdir. Geliştirilen yöntemlerden birisi de yoksul ve dar gelirli kesimleri konut sahibi yapmayı amaçlayan sosyal konut uygulamalarıdır. İlk olarak 19. yüzyılın sonlarında Avrupa’da başlayan bu uygulamalar, sonraki yıllarda diğer gelişmiş ülkelerde, 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinden itibaren ise gelişmekte olan ülkelerde görülmeye başlanmıştır. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler kategorisinde yer alan Türkiye’deki ilk sosyal konut uygulamaları 1960’lı yıllarda başlamıştır. 1984 yılında ise Toplu Konut İdaresi’nin (TOKİ) kurulması ve 2000’li yıllarda kurumun yetkilerinin genişletilmesiyle sosyal konut çalışmaları günümüze kadar sürdürülmüştür. Türkiye’deki sosyal konut üretimine TOKİ dışında KİPTAŞ (İstanbul) ve PORTAŞ (Ankara) gibi bazı belediye kuruluşları da katkı sağlamışlardır. Çalışmada 5000’den fazla sosyal konuta sahip Tuzla İlçesindeki sosyal konut uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Bu uygulamaların Tuzla’da gerçekleştirilme nedenleri ve bu uygulamalar sonrasında mekânsal görünümde ortaya çıkan değişiklikler ele alınmıştır. Çalışmadaki temel veri kaynaklarını kamu kuruluşlarının hazırladığı rapor ve istatistikler yanında arazi çalışmaları, basılı ve görsel kaynaklar ve sosyal konut kullanıcılarıyla yapılan anketler oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca haritanın hazırlanmasında ArcGIS 10.7 programı kullanılmıştır.
The housing problem has been one of the major problems of migration from rural areas to cities. This problem has reached a larger dimension with the spread of urbanization around the world, in order to solve this problem governmentes have developed various methods. One of the methods developed as a solution was social housing practices which are aimed at making poor and low-income people homeowners. Social housing practices first began in Europe in the late 19th century, following years its spread to the other developed countries. Developing countries have begun social housing policies last quarter of the 20th century. Turkey as one of the developing countries has started social housing policies in the 1960s. With the establishment of Public Housing Administration (TOKI) in 1984 and expanding authorizations of the institution in the 2000s, social housing practices have continued to today. Apart from the TOKI activities, municipal institutions such as KIPTAS (Istanbul) and PORTAS (Ankara) have also contributed to social housing production in Turkey. In this study, social housing practices in Tucson district, which has more than 5000 social housings have been examined. The reasons why Tuzla district has chosen for these practices and what is the social and spatial consequence of these practices discussed. The main data sources in the study are reports and statistics prepared by public institutions, field studies, printed and visual resources and surveys with social housing users. Also, ArcGIS 10. 7 used in the preparation of the map.
The housing problem has been one of the major problems of migration from rural areas to cities. This problem has reached a larger dimension with the spread of urbanization around the world, in order to solve this problem governmentes have developed various methods. One of the methods developed as a solution was social housing practices which are aiming to make poor and low-income people homeowner. Social housing practices first began in Europe in the late 19th century, following years its spread the other developed countries. Developing countries have begun social housing policies last quarter of the 20th century. Turkey as one of the developing countries has started social housing policies 1960s. With the establishment of Public Housing Administration (TOKI) in 1984 and expanding authorizations of institution in 2000s, social housing practices have continued to today. Apart from the TOKI activities, municipality institutions such as KIPTAS (Istanbul) and PORTAS (Ankara) have also contributed to social housing production in Turkey. In this study, social housing practices in Tuzla district, which has more than 5000 social housings have been examined. The reasons why Tuzla district has chosen for this practices and what is the social and spatial consequence of these practices discussed. The main data sources in the study are reports and statistics prepared by public institutions, field studies, printed and visual resources and surveys with social housing users. Also, ArcGIS 10.7 used in the preparation of the map.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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