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Bu araştırmada öğrencilerin tarihsel düşünme becerisini geliştirebilmek adına tarihsel romanlar ile tarih öğretimi çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın amacı Türk denizcilik tarihinin öğretiminde tarihsel romanların kullanımı ile ilgili bir ders sürecinin planlanması, uygulanması, uygulamanın verimliliğinin, tarih öğretiminde kullanılabilirliğinin ve öğrencilerin görüşlerinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu çerçeve kapsamında 10. ve 11. sınıf tarih derslerinde Türk denizcilik tarihinin öğretimi temel alınarak tarihsel romanlarla tarih öğretimi süreci tasarlanmıştır. Uygulama sürecinde ilk derste araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan çalışma yaprakları sınıf içerisinde etkileşimli bir ortam oluşturularak doldurulmuş ve çeşitli etkinlikler gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci derste öğrencilerle birlikte odak grup görüşmesi yapılmış, öğrencilerin çalışma ile ilgili düşünceleri alınmış ve bu düşünceler ses kayıt cihazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmanın bitiminde çalışmaya katılan bazı öğrenciler ile mülakatlar yapılmış, mülakatların sonuçları da ses kayıt cihazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Araştırma, İstanbul ili, Tuzla ilçesinde bulunan özel bir okulda yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 23 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma nitel bir araştırma olup eylem araştırması modeline uygundur. Bu kapsamda; çalışma yaprakları, mülakat, odak grup görüşmesi ve ses kayıt cihazı aracılığı ile veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Çalışma yaprakları tarih dersi kapsamında 10. ve 11. sınıf seviyelerinden öğrencilere toplam dört ders saatinde uygulanmıştır. Çalışma yapraklarında 10. sınıflar için Halikarnas Balıkçısı’nın Turgut Reis adlı tarihsel romanı kullanılmıştır. 11. sınıflar için ise Halikarnas Balıkçısı’nın Uluç Reis adlı tarihsel romanı kullanılmıştır. 23 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilen odak grup görüşmeleri ve mülakatlardan elde edilen bulgular şöyledir: Öğrenciler tarihsel romanlar ile tarih öğretimi sürecini eğlenceli ve zevkli bulmuşlardır. Çalışmada kendilerini ifade edebildiklerini, farklı bakış açıları geliştirebildiklerini ve bu sayede Türk denizcilik tarihine dair yeni bilgiler edinebildiklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Çalışmanın amacı ile öğrencilerin görüşlerinin örtüştüğü söylenebilir.
In this study, the study was conducted with historical novels and history teaching work in order to develop the students' historical thinking skills. The purpose of the research is to plan, implement a course process related to the use of historical novels in the teaching of Turkish maritime history, the efficiency of the application, the availability in the teaching of history and the identification of the opinions of the students. In this framework, the teaching process of history with historical novels is designed on the basis of the teaching of Turkish maritime history in the 10th and 11th classes of history. The work sheets prepared by the researcher in the first course of the application process were filled with creating an interactive environment within the classroom and various activities were carried out. In the second class, a focus group interview was held with students, the students' thoughts on their work were taken and these thoughts were recorded with the audio recording device. At the end of the study, interviews were made with some students who participated in the study, and the results of the interviews were recorded with the audio recording device. The research was conducted in a private school located in Istanbul, Tuzla. The study group consists of 23 students. The research is a quality research and is suitable for the action research model. In this context, data has been collected through worksheets, interviews, focus group interviews and audio recording devices. In the analysis of the obtained data, content analysis and visual analysis were used. The study was carried out in the 10th and 11th classes. Students from class levels are applied in a total of four classes hours. The work sheets used the historic novel Turgut Reis of the Halikarnas Fisherman for the 10th class. For the 11th class, the historic novel Uluç Reis of the Halikarnas Fisherman was used. The findings from the focus group conversations and interviews conducted with 23 students are as follows: Students found the teaching process of history with historical novels fun and enjoyable. In the study they expressed that they could express themselves, develop different perspectives and thus acquire new information about the Turkish maritime history. The purpose of the study can be said that the students' opinions are interconnected.
This research designed a history teaching activity which involves the use of historical novels in order to enhance the historical thinking skills of students. The purpose of the research is to design and implement a lesson plan which includes the use of historical novels, check the efficiency of such a lesson plan in history education and understand the viewpoint of the research group of high school students. Regarding this purpose, a lesson plan focusing on naval history has been prepared for high school sophomores and juniors. During the implementation process’ first lesson, worksheets prepared by the researcher were filled in an interactive class environment and various activities on naval history were completed. In the second lesson, focus groups were formed with students and the students’ responses were recorded with a sound recorder. At the end of the implementation process, some students were also invited in one-on-one viva voce interviews, which were also recorded. The research was conducted in a private school situated in the Tuzla province of Istanbul and included 23 students. The research is classified as a qualitative research and data were collected in the form of worksheets, interview recordings and focus group recordings, which were all processed in the form of constative and content analysis. The worksheets were distributed to the high school sophomores and juniors in a course of 4 teaching hours and while the author The Fisherman of Halicarnassus’ “Turgut Reis” novel was used for the sophomores, the author’s “Uluc Reis” novel was used for the juniors. The focus group meetings and interviews conducted with the research group of 23 people yielded the following results; the students found history education more enjoyable with the help of historical novels and indicated that they became able to express themselves, develop new points of view, hence acquired brand new information about the Turkish naval history. In a nutshell, it can be said that the purpose of the research is in line with the feedback of the research group.
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