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ARAP DİLİNDE İ'LÂL
2020
Journal:  
Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
Author:  
Abstract:

Öz Arapçada kelime olarak adlandırılan fiil, isim ve harflerin yapılarında kendi özelliklerine göre i‘lâl, kalb gibi isimler altında bazı değişiklikler yapılır. Bu değişikliklerin bir kısmı kıyasa göre yapılırken bir kısmı da şâz olarak yapılmaktadır. Söz konusu olan i‘lâl, illet harflerinin (elif, vâv ve yâ) birinde ya da hemzede meydana gelen dönüşümlülük olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Bu dönüşümlülük, بَيَعَ fiilinin ortasında bulunan yâ harfinin بَاعَ şeklinde elife çevrilmesi; قَاوِلٌ ism-i fâilindeki vâv’ın قَائِلٌ olarak hemzeye dönüşmesi; إِئْمَانًا mastarında gelen hemzenin tahfiflik amacıyla kendisinden önceki kesre harekesiyle uyumlu olan yâ’ya çevrilmesidir. İllet harfleri arasında en ağır olanı vâv harfidir. Tahfiflik ve akıcılık sağlamak için gerekli şartlar oluştuğunda diğer illet harflerine kalbedilir. Vâ ve yâ’nın hemzeye çevrilmesinde vücûben (zorunlu), cevâzen (serbest) ve şâz (kurala aykırı) olmak üzere üç hüküm bulunur. Arapların yâ harfini telaffuz etmeleri, vâv’dan daha kolaydır. Buna rağmenالتَّقْوَى ve الفَتْوَى kelimelerinde olduğu gibi yâ’nın vâv’a kalbedilmesi örnekleri onlardan gelmiştir. Kelimelerin yapılarında meydana gelen değişiklikler ve dönüşümler örnekler verilerek incelenmiş ve sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: İ‘lâl, İllet, Kalb, Nahiv, Sarf. İ‘LÂL IN ARABIC LANGUAGE Abstract Some changes are made as the nouns such as i‘lâl and kalb according to their own characteristics in the structures of verbs, nouns and letters, which are called as words in Arabic. While some of these changes are made analogically, some of them are made exceptionally. The related concept of i‘lâl is called as the transformation that occurs either in one of the illiterate letters (elif, vav and ya) or in hiatus. This is the transformation of the letter of yâ in the middle of بَيَعَ verb to elif as بَاعَ , the transformation of the letter of vâv in the present participle form of قَاوِلٌ to hiatus as قَائِلٌ and the transformation of the hiatus used in the infinitive form of إِئْمَانًا to yâ which is compatible with the fraction harake before it for distortion. The strongest one among the illiterate letters is the letter of vâv. When the necessary conditions are met, it is transformed to other illiterate letters in order to ensure the distortion and fluency. There are three rules as vücûben (compulsory), cevâzen (non-compulsory) and şâz (irregular) while transforming Vâ and yâ to hiatus. The letter of yâ is pronounced easier than vâv in Arabic. However, the examples of the transformation of yâ to vâv stem from these three rules as in the words of التَّقْوَى and الفَتْوَى. The changes and transformations in structures of words have been analyzed and presented by giving examples. Key Words: İ‘lâl, Illiterate, Kalb, Nahiv, Sarf.

Keywords:

The Arabic is
2020
Author:  
Abstract:

In Arabic, some changes are made under names such as the heart, according to their own characteristics, in the structure of the real, names and letters called as the word. Some of these changes are made according to the Qur’an, while some are made according to the Qur’an. The name of the Qur’an is the name of the Qur’an, the name of the Qur’an, the name of the Qur’an, the name of the Qur’an. This transformation is the translation of the letter in the middle of the fact in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter in the form of the letter. The heavier is the heavier among the heavier. When the necessary conditions are established to ensure clearance and fluency, the other letters are adhered to the heart. There are three kinds of judgments in the body: the body (obligatory) and the freedom (free) and the shade (controlled). The Arabic is easier than the Arabic. The words of the Lord and the words of the Lord and the words of the Lord and the words of the Lord and the words of the Lord and the words of the Lord. The changes and transformations that occur in the structures of the words have been studied and presented by giving examples. Keywords: ILLAL, ILLET, HEART, NAHIV, SARF. Some changes are made as the nouns such as i'lâl and kalb according to their own characteristics in the structures of verbs, nouns and letters, which are called as words in Arabic. While some of these changes are made analogically, some of them are made exceptionally. The related concept of i'lâl is called as the transformation that occurs either in one of the illiterate letters (elif, vav and ya) or in hiatus. This is the transformation of the letter of yâ in the middle of the bìa verb to elif as bìa, the transformation of the letter of vâv in the present participle form of qàllà to hiatus as qàllà and the transformation of the hiatus used in the infinitive form of ehmana to yâ which is compatible with the fraction harake before it for distortion. The strongest among the illiterate letters is the letter of vâv. When the necessary conditions are met, it is transformed into other illiterate letters in order to ensure the distortion and fluency. There are three rules as in the body (compulsory), non-compulsory (non-compulsory) and shâz (irregular) while transforming Vâ and yâ to hiatus. The letter of yâ is pronounced easier than vâv in Arabic. However, the examples of the transformation of yâ to vâv stem from these three rules as in the words of the taccoi and the ft. The changes and transformations in structures of words have been analyzed and presented by giving examples. Key Words: Ilâl, Illiterate, Heart, Nahiv, Sarf.

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Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi