Özet:

In the life of the world, from time to time, great social events take place that make life difficult, cause people to be unhappy and cause material damage, even result in death and cannot be controlled by human power. People's attitudes and reactions to major social events, which are called calamity and misfortune in Turkish, are shaped according to their beliefs and worldview. Muslims, who know that life is a test from beginning to end according to the Qur’anic doctrine, patiently meet social events and develop some measures to get out of the current situation with the least damage. While some explained the pandemic (Covid-19), which was effective all over the world in 2020, with conspiracy theories, Muslims interpreted it as a divine test and the incapacity of the servant in the face of divine power. In Turkish, the word belâ is used to mean great distress, and the word fitna is generally used to mean social turmoil. When patience is mentioned, it is understood passive waiting in the face of adversity. In this article, we aimed to clarify both what should be the attitude people should take in the face of major social events, and the etymological and semantic meanings of belâ, fitna and sabır, which are the key concepts of the Quran regarding these events, in the context of the Qur'an and its tafsir sources. As a result of our research, examination and analysis, it is understood that in the Qur’an, the words belâ and fitna are used in the meanings of great event and chaos, as well as divine tests and trials. Accordingly, Allah is testing His servants by giving some bounties too much and others less. Family members, neighbors, relatives and colleagues are a test occasion for each other. Temporary or chronic diseases, epidemic diseases, physical or mental disability, old age and unexpected deaths are among the severe tests that everyone can face. We hope that with this study we will have clarified a little more the nature of divine testing and patience.

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