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Ten temporary ponds in northern Pantanal were studied in July 2006 to explore whether a spatial distribution pattern existed in the composition of fish assemblages, and to identify which environmental variables determined their distribution. The existence of any spatial pattern was tested using the multivariate Mantel correlogram, while the influence of environmental variables was quantified by a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). A total of 8735 individuals was sampled from 29 species, predominantly represented by Hyphessobrycon elachys and Serrapinnus calliurus. Composition of fish assemblages varied among ponds, but this variation had no significant spatial pattern for any of the distance classes considered, thus indicating that the species composition varied independently of the distance between ponds. This suggests that stochastic dispersal processes did not influence the spatial structure of species, as predicted by the neutral theory. Conversely, species composition in the ponds was determined by variables that included depth, macrophyte richness and cover. Species such as Markiana nigripinnis, Crenicichla vittata and Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae occurred in deeper waters, while Parauchenipterus striatulus, Eigenmannia trilineata and P sellogrammus kennedyi were mainly associated with greater richness and macrophyte cover, as already demonstrated by the niche theory applied in ponds which tended to have similar characteristics and a similar fish composition. Supporting Agencies Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Biodiversity (UFMT) for funding and providing logistic support- the National Council to Scientific and Technologic Development (CNPq) for productivity grants to YRS Tondato, Karina K., Ibraim Fantin-Cruz, Olavo C. Pedrollo, and Yzel R. Súarez. 2013. “Spatial Distribution of Fish Assemblages Along Environmental Gradients in the Temporary Ponds of Northern Pantanal, Brazil”. Journal of Limnology 72 (1):e8. https://doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2013.e8. More Citation Formats ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Downloads Download data is not yet available. Citations List of Cited By : Fish reduce anuran abundance and decrease herpetofaunal species richness in wetlands Joshua D. Holbrook, Nathan J. Dorn Freshwater Biology : 2016 Spatio-temporal variation of fish taxonomic composition in a South-East Asian flood-pulse system Heng Kong, Mathieu Chevalier, Pascal Laffaille, Sovan Lek, Judi Hewitt PLOS ONE : 2017 Early ontogeny of tetra Markiana nigripinnis (Characiformes: Characidae) Mateus Babichi Veiga de Souza, Karina Keyla Tondato-Carvalho, Heriberto Gimênes Junior, Andréa Bialetzki Neotropical Ichthyology : 2023 The role of deterministic factors and stochasticity on the trophic interactions between birds and fish in temporary floodplain ponds Friedrich Wolfgang Keppeler, Danielle Ajala Cruz, Guilherme Dalponti, Roger Paulo Mormul Hydrobiologia : 2016 Fundamentals of Tropical Freshwater Wetlands Martin Reichard Factors structuring the spatial distribution of Chironomidae larvae community in the floodplain of the northern Pantanal, Brazil Maitê Tambelini dos Santos, Claudia Tasso Callil, Ibraim Fantin-Cruz, Pierre Girard Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia : 2013 Transcriptome analysis of the anhydrobiotic cell line Pv11 infers the mechanism of desiccation tolerance and recovery Takahiro G. 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