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Bu çalışmada, Cassius Clay isimli, Afro-Amerikalı bir Olimpiyat şampiyonunun bir spor adamından, “politik bir ikon”a, yani ülkesinde ve dünyadaki adaletsiz düzene karşı duran ve bunu “kölelerin dini” olarak gördüğü Hristiyanlığı reddediş ve İslam dinine geçişle simgeleştiren Muhammed Ali’ye dönüşümü incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, 1960’lı yıllardaki özgürleşme hareketleri, özellikle Amerika’da Afro-Amerikalıların verdiği mücadele ve Muhammed Ali’nin İslam dünyasıyla diğer üçüncü dünya ülkelerine bu mücadelede nasıl örnek olduğu örneklerle ortaya konulmuştur. Muhammed Ali üzerinden yapılan bu çalışmanın temel amacı, temelde spor ve siyaset ilişkisini incelemek daha önceleri çeşitli iktidarlarca halkları uyutmak için bir afyon vazifesi gören spor müsabakalarının ve sahalarının nasıl farklı bir yöne evrildiğini ve “politik kürsüler” hâline geldiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada literatür tarama yönteminden kapsamlı bir biçimde faydalanılmasının yanı sıra, dönemle ilgili bulunan ses ve video dosyaları incelenmiştir. Freedom’s Journal ve Muhammad Speaks gazetelerinin bazı nüshaları da birincil kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca Ali’nin müsabakalarının ve daha da önemlisi fikriyatının Türkiye’de ne şekilde ele alındığına da hem dönemin TRT spor spikerlerinden Orhan Ayhan’ın tanıklığı, hem de Ali hakkında bestelenen koçaklamalar vasıtasıyla yer verilmiştir.
In this study, Cassius Clay, an African-American Olympic champion, studied the conversion from an athlete to a "political icon", i.e. to Muhammad Ali, who opposed the unjust order in his country and in the world and who denied Christianity and symbolized the transition to Islam, which he sees as "the religion of the slaves". In this context, the liberalization movements in the 1960s were presented with examples of the struggle of the Afro-Americans in America and how Muhammad Ali and other third-world countries were an example in this struggle. The main objective of this study by Muhammad Ali is to study the relationship between sport and politics, to reveal how the sports competitions and fields, which were first considered an opium role to sleep the people by the various powers, evolved in a different direction and became “political curves”. In addition to the extensive use of the literature scan method in the study, audio and video files related to the period were studied. Freedom’s Journal and Muhammad Speaks’s newspapers have also been used as primary sources. In the study, Ali’s competitions and, more importantly, the idea of how they were addressed in Turkey were also placed through the testimony of Orhan Ayhan from the TRT sports speakers of the time, as well as through the coaching about Ali.
In this research the change of Cassius Clay who is a young “Olympics champion” and a sportsman to Muhammad Ali “the political icon” by embracing Islam and leaving Christianity which is known as the “the religion of slavery” by some of the Afro-Americans. In this context, the struggle of Afro-Americans in the USA, the emancipation movements in the 1960’s, and Ali’s role in this struggle of the Third World Countries and the Middle East is examined. The main aim of this research about Muhammad Ali is to examine the relation between sports and politics; how sporting events and sport arenas which were used as an opium for the masses previously are evolved to “political pulpits”.Literature review method is used in this research along with the video and audio files about Muhammad Ali. Some copies of newspapers such as Freedom’s Journal and Muhammad Speaks are also used as primary sources. In this research how the matches of and more important than that the ideas of Ali were evaluated in Turkey with the testimony of the doyen TRT radiotelevision announcer Orhan Ayhan and by using the folk songs which were written for Muhammad Ali in Turkey.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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