Özet:

The prosperous lands of Anadolu have hosted various civilizations from the past to the present and have met communities belonging to different cultures in a common area of life. Every civilization that exists in this geography has been the heir of the present cultural accumulation and has contributed to this accumulation and guided the next generations. The Anatolian people, taking advantage of the rich plant flora of the surrounding area, contributed to the formation of a common and rooted agricultural culture. Despite the lack of archaeobotanical evidence, it has been compared with many examples that prove that the plant is considered to be used in similar ways by different cultures as a product of a common agricultural tradition, where the production of shell extends to the prehistoric periods. The first written statements in this work. 2nd This important plant, found in thousands of years and all times in the hands of the Anatolian people, is focused on the extent that this important plant has contributed to the economic, social and cultural life. In the forms of injections of HITIT and Urartula and in the medical treatments of various ancient civilizations, it has been frequently used. Anatolian doctors such as Pedanius Dioscorides, Galenos and Aetius have benefited from the medical properties of the opium. Synnada, Ankyra, and Elaia have been placed in the scenes of many ancient cities. Anatolian Selçuklists, in addition to food and medical practices, have often used the motif of haishah in their works. The ceramic works of the palace structures, carpet-kilm patterns and tomb stones are also qualified to show how much the Anadolu people value the haishha. Travellers travelling to Anatolia between the 16th and 19th centuries have transmitted important information about the plant. The Ottomans, who took over the knowledge of the civilizations of Mesopotamia and early Islamic culture, took advantage of the plant’s diverse characteristics. Thus, for the course of the 19th century, haishhaş was the seventh most exported product in the Ottoman State after tobacco, grain, arpa, dry grain, raw silk and ink. During the Republic period, the plant continued to contribute to the country’s economy and culture. Although various restrictions have been introduced in terms of production and use depending on the historical process, it has managed to retain its importance until today. Basically, the food product, which is used as a burning and medical material, is painted on many items or objects of daily life. Integrated with the object, it is expressed that the plant's motivation symbolizes different feelings and meanings. It is often associated with two opposite concepts such as life and death and has found its place in many areas of life. In the framework of the study, the works of ancient writers, travel, modern resources, archaeological findings, cycles and all kinds of visual materials were studied, all the data collected were included in the study, followed in a chronological order.

Anahtar Kelimeler: