Abstract:

Objective: Probiotics, which are beneficial microorganisms on health, take part in periodontal disease pathogenesis by affecting the immune system and pathogenic flora. Probiotic supplementation was shown to improve clinical periodontal parameters and decrease alveolar bone loss (ABL) in experimental studies. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) is one of the key cytokines responsible for the destruction of periodontal soft and hard tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multi probiotic supplementation containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus species on ABL and serum TNFα levels. Material-Method: Twenty-four 6-8 weeks adult Wistar albino rat were separated equally (n=8) into control (C), ligature-induced periodontitis (Lig), and probiotic administration additionally to ligature-induced periodontitis (VSL). All rats were fed with standard water and diet for 44 days; additionally multiple probiotics were supplemented to the rats in the VSL group via oral gavage in 1 ml of salt. Periodontitis was induced using ligature to the maxillary 2nd molars of the rats in Lig and VSL groups 2 weeks before the end of the study. ABL was measured histomorphometrically and serum TNFa levels were analyzed with ELISA. Results: ABL increased in the ligature-induced periodontitis groups (Lig and VSL), compared to C group, and decreased in VSL group, in comparison with the Lig group (p<0.05). Serum TNFα levels were significantly higher in Lig group than C group, and significantly lower in VSL group than Lig group (p<0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that multi probiotic supplementation could inhibit periodontal bone destruction by decreasing serum TNFα levels in an experimental periodontitis model.

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