Abstract:

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) not only supplies the requisite workforce to the business and industry, but it also provides the TVET professionals unique pathways to growth, sustainable livelihoods, and development. This paper attempts to review the present state of TVET in Pakistan and compares it with the countries in Asia and Europe. A thorough review of secondary research sources revealed that the formal education system of Pakistan lacks the capability to cater to the skills requirements of the contemporary business world and industry. Therefore, public and private sectors should come forward and pay equal attention to TVET along with formal education, for which a demand-driven approach may be adopted. Moreover, strategic linkages among institutions, employers, government, and society are the need of the hour. The paper also proposes a framework for an effective TVET system for Pakistan, incorporating the contemporary research and successful practices along with recommendations to improve the current system and upgrade the existing TVET structure in the country.

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