Özet:

Breastfeeding is the gold standard in the newborn and milk baby’s nutrition, and it is recommended that all babies be fed alone with breast milk in the first six months. It is important to identify the unwanted toxins and metabolites that may be found in the mother’s milk and transmitted to the baby. Studies on breast milk micotoxine levels are limited and differences can be found between countries. In this study, it was planned to determine the levels of M1 (AFM1) aflatoxin in breast milk and to evaluate the possible relationship between the mother's dietary habits. In this study, a sample of 3-5 ml of breast milk was taken to study AFM1 and kept until the analysis. All mothers were surveyed about the consumption of certain foods that may be associated with exposure to micotoxin during pregnancy and postpartum period. The AFM1 toxin was evaluated by the HELICA Aflatoxin M1 ELISA Test and the "Multi-residue Method Based on Chip" technology. The total daily AFM1 intake was calculated in babies who were nurtured with single breast milk.  The study included 90 mothers between 17 and 41 years of age with 7-90-day babies. The mother’s milk AFM1 level was 3.59 ng/L and was between 2.76 and 5.99 ng/L. In the entire study group, there were only three samples of over 5 ng/L, which were determined as a marginal value by the ELISA method. The second method in which the levels of residues were assessed by the "multichip" technology did not detect AFM1 in any breast milk sample. The total daily AFM1 intake of 63 babies fed alone with breast milk was 0.54 ng/kg (0.41-0.90 ng/kg/day) and was much below the daily intake limit for foods. The mother's milk levels of AFM1 have not been identified a relationship between the mother's nutritional characteristics (p>0.05). Although our previous studies on breast milk micotoxine levels showed high breast milk okratoxin, zearalenone and deoxinivalenol levels, breast milk AFM1 levels were at normal limits with different detection tests. Different findings between the areas in breast milk aflatoxin levels may be associated with the different nutritional habits of mothers during pregnancy and pregnancy. Because breast milk is the basic nutrient for all babies and it is necessary to evaluate toxins and endocrine disruptors in breast milk at certain intervals and to remove the potential sources of toxins in the mother's diet from the diet.

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