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Amerikan Barış Gönüllüleri Örgütü, Kennedy’nin A.B.D. Başkanı seçildiği 1960 seçim kampanyası sırasında özellikle üniversite gençliğine yönelik bir seçim vaadi olarak bizzat Kennedy tarafından Amerikan kamuoyuna sunulmuştur. Nitekim, Kennedy’nin seçimleri kazanarak başkan olmasından sonra kısa bir süre sonra uygulamaya koyduğu bu proje doğrultusunda kurulan örgüt, A.B.D.’de daha önce kurulan birçok kuruluşun yöntem, deneyim ve programlarından yararlanılarak tesis edilmiştir. Kennedy’nin seçim kampanyası sırasındaki söylevlerinde ve örgütün tanıtımlarında örgütün amacı, “A.B.D.’yi diğer devletlere tanıtmak, onları yakından tanımak, az gelişmiş ülkelere sosyal ve ekonomik kalkınmaları hususunda nitelikli işgücü temin etmek”, şeklinde ifade edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, A.B.D. ile Türkiye arasında 1962 yılında teati olunan ikili anlaşma doğrultusunda Türkiye’ye gelmeye başlayan Barış Gönüllüleri’nin faaliyetleri, kamuoyunda A.B.D. aleyhine oluşan algı, siyasi ve sosyal çeşitli tepki ve eylemler nedeniyle de 1971 yılında noktalanmıştır. 1962-1971 yılları arasında Türkiye’de toplam 1460 Amerikan Barış Gönüllüsü bulunmuştur. Türkiye’de, başta İngilizce Öğretimi olmak üzere, Kırsal ve Kentsel Toplum Kalkınması, Sağlık ve Sosyal Hizmetler ile Turizm alanlarında görev alarak, Anadolu’nun hemen her bölgesinde il merkezlerinin yanı sıra, ilçe, belde ve köylerde faaliyette bulunmuşlardır. Bu çalışmada Amerikan Barış Gönüllüleri Örgütü’nün kuruluş serüveni hakkında kısa bir giriş yapılarak, örgütün Türkiye’de yürütmüş olduğu eğitim-öğretim faaliyetleri ve amaçları üzerinde durularak, Örgütün Türkiye’deki eğitim-öğretim faaliyetleri hususunda genel bir gözlem yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.
The American Peace Volunteer Organization, Kennedy’s United States. During the 1960 election campaign he was elected President, Kennedy was presented to the American public as a election promise especially for university youth. Indeed, the organization was established in accordance with this project, which was implemented shortly after Kennedy won the elections and became president, the United States.It has been established using the methods, experience and programs of many previously established organizations. The organization’s goal in Kennedy’s speeches during the election campaign and in the organization’s promotions, “A.B.D.“To promote it to other states, to know them closely, to provide the less developed countries with qualified labour force in their social and economic development.” In this way, the A.B. The activities of the Peace Volunteers, which began to come to Turkey in accordance with the bilateral agreement signed between Turkey and Turkey in 1962, in public A.B.D. The perception against it was pointed out in 1971 due to various political and social reactions and actions. Between 1962 and 1971, a total of 1460 American Peace Volunteers were found in Turkey. In Turkey, mainly English teaching, rural and urban community development, health and social services and tourism, they have been active in the districts, towns and villages in almost every region of Anadolu, as well as in the districts, towns and villages. In this study, a short entry was made about the organization’s establishment of the American Peace Volunteers Organization, focusing on the educational activities and objectives the organization carried out in Turkey, a general observation of the organization’s educational activities in Turkey was tried to be made.
The Peace Corps first appeared as a promise to the university youth, just before the presidental election in the USA acquired on the year of 1960 , by Kennedy. It began to act after John F. Kennedy had become the president of the USA. Peace Corps was shaped by effecting of the methods, experiences, programmes and procedures of many institutions that were set up before in the USA. The goals of the Peace Corps were stated at the speeches during the election and public addresses after the establisment of the organization as, “to introduce the USA to the other nations, to know more about them, to assure less-developed countries a supreior quality of labor concerning their social and economical progress”. As a matter of fact, Peace Corps Volunteers started coming to Turkey, according to the agreement between the USA and Turkish Government that was signed in 1962. The activities of Peace Corps were supressed for the political, social and negative reactions of the public opinion. So the Peace Corps left Turkey in 1971. The total number of the volunteers in Turkey was 1460, between the years of 1962-1971. These volunteers carried out a multiple working schedule especially in villages, towns and any sides of Anatolia. They were essentialy assigned on teaching english, rural and urban social development, heatlh and social services and also tourism in those areas. In this paper, starting from the establisment of the Peace Corps, details and the aims of the organization, especially the education activities of the Peace Corps in Turkey have been studied as a general observation.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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