Abstract:

Introduction: Since the first reported case of Coronavirus 19 (COVID 19) outbreak, several vaccines have been developed in a record time and approved for distribution around the globe. The different COVID 19 vaccines showed a good safety and immunogenicity profiles in randomized controlled trial . However since the beginning of mass vaccination , dermatologistes have reported various skin reactions following the administration of Covid-19 vaccines. Materiel and method We conducted a prospective study among patients referred to the Dermatology Department at University Hospital of Marrakech, from March 2021 to february 2022 who presented with skin manifestations induced by COVID-19 vaccines. We excluded patients with immediate and/or delayed local site injection reactions as well as the patients whom the reactions couldnÂ’t be linked to the COVID 19 vaccine. Data were collected and managed using a questionnaire. The data entry was done using Microsoft Excel. Results We collected 48 patients who presented cutaneous reactions after the administration of Covid 19 vaccine. We noted that 24 (50%) of the patients presented cutaneous reactions after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 , 23 after the BBIBP-CorV (48 %) vaccination and only one patient (2%) presented cutaneous reaction after BNT162b2 vaccine.Twenty-six of our patients were female (54.1%) and 22 were male (45.9%). The patientsÂ’ mean age was 49.04years (range 12-80). Of 48 patients, 18 had chronic conditions (37.5%) . The majority of the reactions occurred after the first dose of the vaccine with thirty seven patients (77%) and 11 patients( 23%) after the second dose.The mean onset time was 7.7 days. Of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (N=24), 18 reactions (75 %) appeared after the first dose and 6( 25%) after the second. Of the BBIBP-CorV (N=23) 18 reactions (78.3%) appeared after the first dose and 5 (21.7%) after the second. The only reaction noted with the BNT162b2 vaccine occured after the first dose. The most prevalent cutaneous reaction was herpes zoster in 27% of the patients,followed by lichen planus in 16.6% and urticaria in 14.6% of the cases. Hospitalization was required in 8 cases (16.7%). Of the thirty-seven patients that presented a cutaneous reaction after the first dose : twelve did not develop any cutaneous reaction after the second dose of the vaccine (32.4%), twelve refused to have the second dose(32.4%), seven patients had an exacerbation of their reaction(18.9%), three did not show up for the follow up(8.2%) , 2 patients had the exact same reaction following the second dose of the vaccine(5.4%). We noted one death in our series: it was a severe case of pemphigus vulgaris who died from a sepsis complication.

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