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KLASİK ARAP ŞİİRİNDE HABSİYYE/HAPİSHANE ŞİİRLERİ
2021
Journal:  
Universal Journal of Theology
Author:  
Abstract:

Tarih boyunca bir suçtan ya siyasi bir nedenden dolayı hapse mahkûm edilen veya savaşta esir edilen şairler, hapishane ortamında da şiir söylemeye devam etmişlerdir. Genellikle şiirden oluşan bu edebî türe, Arap edebiyatında, el-Esr, Edebü’s-Sucûn ve el-Habsiyyât adları verilmektedir. Gerek Cahiliyye döneminde gerekse Emevî ve Abbâsî dönemlerinde hapse mahkûm edilen kimi Arap şairlerin hapishane ortamında söyledikleri çok sayıda şiirleri bulunmaktadır. Lakin bu şiirlerin söz konusu dönemlerde müstakil bir tür olarak ele alınmadığı bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte Hicrî VI. asırda yaşamış Nizâmî Arûzî Semerkandî (ö. 553/1158) Çehâr Makale adlı eserinde Gazneli dönemi şairlerinden Mesûd Sa’d Selmân’ın hapishanede yazdığı şiirlerini anlatmak için ilk kez Habsiyye terimini kullanmıştır. Bu terimin Fars ve Arap edebiyatında ondan sonra kullanılmaya başlandığı söylenir. Klasik dönem hapishane şiirinde genellikle: Ortamın yaşamaya elverişsizliği, yemeklerin kötülüğü, gardiyanların kabalığı, yalnızlık hissi, eş-dost, akraba ve yakınlara özlem gibi hususlar konu edilir. Bu çalışmamızda Cahiliyye döneminden Hicrî IV. asra kadar olan süreçte hapse mahkûm edilen kimi Arap şairlerin hapishane ortamında yazdıkları şiirler incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.

Keywords:

Classical Arabic Prisoners / Prisoners
2021
Author:  
Abstract:

Poets who have been sentenced to prison for a crime or for a political reason during the history have continued to speak poems in prison. This literary genre, which is often composed of poetry, is given in Arabic literature the names of el-Esr, Edebü's-Sucûn and el-Habsiyyât. There are many poems that Arab poets are told in prison during the time of the need for ignorance, and there are many poems that Arab poets are told in prison during the time of Emevi and Abbasi. But it is known that these poems are not treated as a particular kind in the time. The Hicri VI. And he has lived in the midst of life. 553/1158) In his work entitled Çehâr Makale, he used the term Habsiyye for the first time to tell the poems written by the Gazneli poet Mesûd Sa'd Salmân in prison. It is said that this term began to be used in Persian and Arab literature after that. In the classical period prison poem, it is often discussed aspects such as the uncomfortable living of the environment, the evil of food, the foolishness of the guards, the feeling of loneliness, the spouse-friend, relatives, and the desire to the loved ones. This is the story of the IV Hicry of the Unknown. Some of those sentenced to prison in the course of a century will be attempted to study the poems written by Arab poets in prison environment.

Keywords:

2021
Author:  
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Universal Journal of Theology

Field :   İlahiyat

Journal Type :   Ulusal

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Universal Journal of Theology