Özet:

The restoration and conservation works of the wall painting of the southern burial chamber in St.Nicholas church at Demre, began in 2001 and was completed in 2004. After the restoration, the scene of “Road to Golgotha” which is on the inner surface of the arch at the second burial niche of the north wall, can be defined clearly. This scene which is also connected with the scene of “Crucifixion”, has new iconographic features.The scene of “Road to Golgotha” which is from Bible, hadn’t been depicted frequently in the earliest period of Byzantine art. Two basic iconographical types are determined by the researchers in the scene of “Road to Golgotha”, in Byzantine art. It is said that the fist type of the scene was depicted with three variants; 1. Christ is led to Golgotha by soldiers, while Simon of Cyrene carries the cross, 2. Christ is led to Golgotha without cross and Simon, 3. Christ is led to Golgotha and carries the cross. Also ıt is claimed that the earliest known examples of the second variation occur in Cappadocia. This version which appears sporadically, usually has few figures. Nailing of the cross which is the end of the road to Golgotha, is also been accepted the second variant of the scene. This second variant of the scene is called as “Kristos Elkomenos (Χριστος Ελκοµενος)”. In this variant, servants set up and fix the cross which is generally in the middle of the scene. Christ stand with bound hands and a soldier holds the rope. The scene of Myra is belonged to this variant. This type is believed to be appeared in the 12th century and dominated the iconography throughout the 13th century. Also it is claimed that ın very rare instances it occurs in late provincial ensembles, the presence of this iconographic type in monuments reflecting the art of Constantinople. At the end of our research, we determined that the icon ( last quarter of 12th century or 1200) from Pelendri monastery in Cyprus has some similar iconographic features with the scene of Myra. The scene of Myra whis has also unique iconographic feature in Anatolia, can be dated to 12th century because of density of similar examples

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