Abstract:

Purpose: In the world, acute sub- respiratory infections are one of the causes of childhood death. Vitamin D is an immunomodulating molecule. Low serum vitamin D levels may be associated with an increased risk of acute sub- respiratory infection. The study assessed the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and acute sub- respiratory infection in children in the hospital.  Tools and Methods: The study, in January 2016-April 2017, was conducted on a total of 52 children, including 26 patients and 26 control groups, aged 1-6 years. The criteria for excretion were: recurring lung infection, lung tuberculosis, aspiration pneumonia, heart anomaly, prematurity, neurological disease or other chronic diseases and rhinitis. The control group was formed from healthy children of the same age and gender. The average serum level of patients and control groups was 25(OH)D.  Results: Patients with acute sub- respiratory infection had an average of 25(OH)D levels significantly lower than the control group (respectively 19.76±10 ng/ml and 29.42±14 ng/ml; p=0.009). The 25(OH)D level was determined by 65% (n:17) in the patient group and 15% (n:4) in the control group by ≤20 ng/ml. Two patients were monitored at the intensive child care unit and the vitamin D levels were ≤20 ng/ml.  Result: Subclinical vitamin D deficiency is an important risk factor for the development of acute sub- respiratory infection in children. In cases of infection of the lower respiratory tract, the levels of vitamin 25(OH)D can be considered. If the serum is 25(OH)D ≤20 ng/ml, vitamin D support can be considered.

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