Özet:

Although kings and princes were in power in Europe, states acted as a single Christian nation. However, this situation changed with the age of Reformism. Although the ideology of the Catholic Vatican church to create a single Christian community made its presence felt, it would lose its influence by the end of the 16th century. The intellectual developments in the West also affected Turkey and formed the basis of the years-long conflict between modernism and traditionalism. In this study, reciprocal analyzes were performed. The findings of many domestic and foreign researchers were included. Thus, it was tried to gain a critical perspective to the reader. The intellectual transformation of intellectuals and ruling elites in Turkish political history from the Ottoman Empire to the Young Republic was tried to be explained. The stages of Turkish intellectual life were examined. It was necessary to attempt realistic and intellectual solutions to developments in social relations and emerging new social needs to understand and solve the problems brought by the previous development processes of society.