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Toplumun temel yapıtaşı olarak bireyi gören, toplumun amaçlarını bireyin amaçlarının gerçekleşmesine bağlayan; eşitlik, özerklik ve özgürlük değerlerinin önemsendiği toplumların bireyci; buna karşılık topluluğun ya da grubun ön planda ve belirleyici olduğu, değerlerin kaynağının toplum olarak görüldüğü; sadakat, özveri, sorumluluk, dayanışma değerlerinin önemsendiği toplumların ise toplumcu kültüre sahip oldukları kabul edilmektedir. Yapılan araştırmanın amacı Türk, Azeri, Kırgız ve Özbek gençliğinin bireyci ve toplumcu eğilimlerini tespit etmek ve karşılaştırmaktır. İlişkisel tarama yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Türkiye Kırgızistan Manas Üniversitesi üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıflarda öğrenim gören ve son üç yılda bu üniversiteden mezun olan, yaşları 20 ile 26 arasında değişen 758 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada bireycilik ve toplulukçuluk değerlerinin ölçülmesi için Singelis vd. (1995) tarafından geliştirilen, Triandis ve Gelfand (1998) tarafından geçerliği sınanan ve Wasti ve Erdil (2003 tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan Bireycilik Toplumculuk Ölçeği (Individualism Collectivism Scale) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda; Dört ülke öğrencilerinin birlikte değerlendirildiğinde toplumculuk eğilimlerinin daha yüksek olduğu, toplumculuğun alt boyutu açısından bakıldığında ise yatay toplumculuk eğiliminin daha baskın olduğu saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte toplumculuk eğilimi açısından dört ülke öğrencileri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmazken, bireycilik boyutunda en yüksek ortalamaya Kırgız, en düşük ortalamaya ise Türk katılımcıların sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Araştırmada dikey ve yatay bireycilik-toplumculuk eğilimi arasında en fazla fark Türk-Özbek ve Türk-Kırgız grup arasında görülmüştür. Araştırmada aynı zamanda dört ülke gençliğinin kadın ve erkekleri de kendi aralarında karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları konu ile ilgili alan yazından elde edilen bilgilerle karşılaştırılmış ve tartışılmıştır.
The individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, autonomy and freedom values are concerned; the individual of the societies in which equality, loyalty, responsibility, and solidarity values are concerned. The aim of the research is to identify and compare the individual and social trends of the Turkish, Azerbaidjan, Kyrgyz and Uzbek youth. The study group of research using the Relational Scanning method has formed 758 individuals who studied in the third and fourth classes of the University of Manas in Kyrgyzstan and who graduated from this university in the last three years, aged between 20 and 26. Singelis vd to measure individuality and community values in the research. Developed by (1995) and tested by Triandis and Gelfand (1998) and used by Wasti and Erdil (2003 adapted to Turkish) the Individualism Collectivism Scale. The study concluded that students of four countries were more socialized when evaluated together, and that socialized tendencies were higher when viewed by the lower dimension of socialization, and the horizontal socialized tendencies were more dominant. However, in terms of socialist tendency, there is no significant difference between the students of four countries, whereas the highest average in individuality size is observed in Kyrgyzstan and the lowest average is observed in Turkish participants. The study found the greatest difference between the vertical and horizontal individuality-socialist tendencies between the Turkish-Uzbek and Turkish-Kirgish groups. The study also compared the women and men of the youth in four countries. The findings of the research were compared and discussed with the information obtained from the field text on the subject.
Societies which see individual as the constituent of society, base society's objectives on the achievement of individual's objectives and care about the values of equality, autonomy and freedom are recognized as individualist, and those in which community or group is featured and determinant, society is seen as the source of values and values of loyalty, devotion, responsibility and solidarity are cared about on the other hand are considered having a collectivist culture. This research aimed to identify and compare the individualistic and collectivist tendencies of Turkish, Azeri, Kyrgyz and Uzbek youth. The study group of the research having used the relational survey method was composed of 758 students of ages varying between 20 and 26 years who were studying in the third and fourth grades at Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University and had graduated from the university in the last three years. The Individualism-Collectivism Scale developed by Singelis et al. (1995), tested by Triandis and Gelfand (1998) for validity and adapted to Turkish by Wasti and Erdil (2003) was utilized to quantify individualist and collectivist values in the research. It was concluded in the research that the students from the four countries had higher collectivist tendencies and had more dominant horizontal collectivist tendency which is the subscale of collectivism. Moreover, no significant difference was found between the students of the four countries in terms of collectivist tendency while the highest mean was observed among the Kyrgyz participants and the lowest mean among the Turkish participants. The highest differences between the vertical and horizontal individualist-collectivist tendencies were observed between the Turkish-Uzbek and Turkish-Kyrgyz. The female and male students of the four countries were also compared among each other in the research. The research findings were compared and discussed with the information obtained from the relevant literature.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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