Özet:

Cities, which have emerged in the past and nowadays, depending on many important forms of social relations and their consequences, are an ancient social formation in which production and management activities are organized. Cities can be shaped, regressed or lost in accordance with the general characteristics of the societies that make it up. In this process of urban evolution, inter-communal relations as well as inter-communal relations have a strong transformative effect on cities. From the beginning of the century onwards, inter-communal and inter-communal relations were mostly provided by trade, and inter-city relations had been associated with trade and convergence. As a matter of fact, in any civilization, city life was not considered as independent from trade. The main reason for this approach was the necessity of urban life and dependency relationships. In this study, the emergence and development of the medieval cities and the socio-cultural, socio-political and socio-economic transformation of the medieval cities in parallel with the development of production and trade, and the influence of this transformation on the middle class living in the form of communes in the citadel cities and the state process of communes were examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler: