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MS. 330 yılında İstanbul’un kuruluşu ile birlikte Anadolu yol ağı önemli değişikliklere uğramıştır. İstanbul’u Anadolu’ya bağlayan güzergâh; aynı zamanda “Diagonal Yol” adı ile Avrupa ve Asya’yı da kavuşturan ana arter haline gelmiştir. Medeniyetin ve iktidarın başta gelen araçlarından olan yollar aynı zamanda ticaretin de belirleyicisi olmuşlardır. Yollarla birlikte güvenliği ve ticaret erbâbının ihtiyaçlarını sağlayan tesisler de ortaya çıkmışlardır. Anadolu Selçukluları zamanında Anadolu ticaretinin gelişmesinde bu yapılardan “Kervansaraylar”ın önemi büyüktür. Bu yapılar Osmanlı döneminde de bir takım mimari değişikliklerle varlıklarını devam ettirmişlerdir. Çalışmamıza konu olan kervansarayda da olduğu gibi; Osmanlı Devleti’nde hanedan ailesi başta olmak üzere devlet erkânı, gelirlerinin önemli bir kısmını hayır işlerine vakfetmişlerdir. Bu sayede İstanbul başta olmak üzere Osmanlı coğrafyası mimari eserlerle bezenmiştir. İstanbul dışında, imar faaliyeti için seçilen yerlere bakıldığında, özellikle “Hac Yolu”, “Ordu ve Ticaret Yolları” gibi yoğun şekilde kullanılan güzergâhların tercih edildiği görülür. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman’ın sadrazamı ve damadı Rüstem Paşa da ardında cami, kervansaray ve hamam gibi onlarca eser bırakmıştır. Çalışmamıza konu olan kervansaray dışında, Lefke’de (Osmaneli) bir cami ve hamam da yaptıran Rüstem Paşa, aynı bölgede biri Sapanca ve diğeri de İznik-Pazaryeri arasında Akbıyık mevkiinde olmak üzere kervansaraylar inşa ettirmiştir. Bunların yanında, Rüstem Paşa tarafından yol güzergâhında başka yapılar ve yatırım aracı olarak değirmenler de yaptırılmıştır. Rüstem Paşa tarafından inşa ettirilen Lefke Kervansarayı, İstanbul-İznik-Eskişehir güzergâhında yer almaktadır. Bilecik’in Osmaneli ilçesinin İznik tarafından girişinde ve halâ Bağdat Yolu olarak adlandırılan tarihi yol üzerinde bulunan kervansaray’dan günümüze sadece doğu ve güney duvarları sağlam olarak ulaşabilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile bugüne kadar herhangi bir müstakil çalışmaya konu olmayan bu yapının teknik özellikleri ve ulaşım ağındaki yeri üzerinde durulacaktır.
In the year 330 with the establishment of Istanbul, the Anadolu road network has undergone significant changes. The route that connects Istanbul to Anadolu has also become the main artery that connects Europe and Asia with the name "Diagonal Road". The roads, which were the main means of civilization and power, have also been the determinant of trade. It is also possible to find the safety and safety of the road and the safety of the road. The importance of "Kervansaray" from these structures in the development of Anadolu trade at the time of the Anatolian Selçuklians is great. These structures have continued to exist during the Ottoman period with a number of architectural changes. As in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work, as in our work. Thus, the Ottoman geography of Istanbul was primarily embedded with architectural works. Apart from Istanbul, when it comes to the locations selected for construction activity, it appears that the routes that are widely used, such as "Hac Road", "Army and Trade Roads", are preferred. The lawful Sultan Suleyman's sadrazam and sister Rüstem Pasha also left dozens of works like mosque, kervansaray and hamam behind. In addition to the work of Kervansaray, Rüstem Pasha, who made a mosque and hamam in Lefke (Osmaneli), built Kervansaray in the same area, one in Sapanca and the other in Iznik-Pazaryeri, in the Akbıyık location. In addition to these, other structures and minerals were built on the road by Rüstem Pasha as a investment tool. Lefke Kervansarayı, built by Rüstem Paşa, is located on the Istanbul-İznik-Eskişehir route. From Kervansaray, which is located on the historic road called the Road of Baghdad at the entrance of the Osmaneli district of Bilecik by Iznik, only the eastern and southern walls have been able to reach solidly to us today. This study will focus on the technical characteristics of this structure and its location in the transport network that has not yet been subject to any special work.
Together with the establishment of Istanbul in 330 AD, the Anatolian road system had very important changes. The road connected Istanbul to Anatolia, also known as “Diagonal Road” had become main arterial road which united Europe with Asia. The roads were a crucial symbol of civilization and government at the power, and at the same time determinant of the trade. When the roads had became that much important the facilities which provide needs of traders on the road started to be appear. The “Caravansaries” during Anatolian Seljuk time were very important to improve trade in Anatolia. These buildings besides some architectural changes continued to be available at the Ottoman era as well. As Lefke Caravansary we have examined; in Ottoman State initially the dynastic family and all the other high state officials consecrated their important part of incomes for charities. By this means foremost in Istanbul and the other parts of the Ottoman geography had important the architectural works. When we have a look chosen for zoning outside the Istanbul, it is easily seen that the travellers had preferred to use mostly “Pilgrim Road”, “Army and Trade Road”. Rustem Pasha who was grand vizier of Suleyman the Magnificent and his groom had left his behind many mosques, caravansary and public baths. Outside the caravansary we have subjected, Rüstem Pasha had had one mosque and one public bath in Lefke (Osmaneli), and also and he had another caravansaries at the Akbıyıklar location in between Iznik-Pazaryeri. Besides all these on the route of roads some other public buildings and mills as investment tool had constructed by Rustem Pasha. The caravansary constructed by Rüstem Pasha in Lefke is on the route of İznik-Eskişehir/Ankara. It is available on the entrance of Osmaneli which is a district of Bilecik from İznik side and named still Baghdad Road. Its south walls were reached today. With this work we are going to examine the technical specialties and the role of transport system of the caravansary which no work had done specially about it until now.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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