Abstract:

In terms of the sufi system, two basic essays are distinguished as Sufism, amelî (worship) sufism and ilmî (doctrine) sufism. Sufism has emerged as a form of worship and zuhd, and in this respect it is a practical sufism (mysticism). The theoretical and scientific direction of sufism emerged later. It is the period of zuhd which emerges as the life of worship and zuhd. The emergence of the theoretical and scientific direction through the process of science is referred to as the Sufism period. In the process of becoming mystic science, critics of Mysticism in the 3rd and 4th centuries have important influences. One of the points of criticism is the debate on the source and method of knowledge. Other points of criticism are the irrational words of some Sufis. Most importantly, it is the incarnation and irresponsible attitudes of profane movements. These attitudes have caused the Sufis to be accused of profane and blasphemy. In the face of criticism and accusations, the Sufis had to defend themselves and wrote works for this purpose.

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