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MODERNLEŞME VE OSMANLI ANAYASAL DÜZENİNİN BOZULMASI (GİRİŞ)
2013
Journal:  
The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Türkiye’de “Modernleşme” ve “Batılılaşma” “gibi kavramlar biribiri yerine kullanılmaktadır oysa bunlar farklı kavramlardır. Batı monolitik bir kavram olmadığı gibi, çağdaşlık veya laikliğin de tek anlamı yoktur. Kaldı ki günümüzde modernleşme de evrim geçirmektedir. Modernite, XVI. ve XVII. yüzyıl sonrasında ortaya çıkmış, bazı temel değişiklikler sonrası, Batı Avrupa kaynaklı Greko-Romen ve Judeo-Hristiyan kültür ve uygarlık temeli üzerine kurulmuş bir oluşumdur. Osmanlı ve Batı gibi iki farklı kültür veya uygarlık karşılaşınca çatışma olmuş, meydan okuma ve cevap verme görevini toplumun elitleri yapmıştır. Genelde modernite karşısında üç davranış biçiminin olduğu söylenebilir; ilk tavır geleneksel tavır olup, modernleşmeyi ret eder. İkinci tavır, olumlu yönlerinin alınması, olumsuz yönlerinin alınmaması biçimindeki görüşlerdir. Üçüncü tavır ise, Batı’nın tüm değerlerinin alınmasını isteyen radikallerdir. Günümüzde değişen dünya koşullarında artık devlet eliyle modernleşme yerine liberal postmodernizm başlamıştır. Postmodernizm, rasyonellik, evrensellik, farklılık, çoğulculuk, dayanışma, bireyin öne geçmesi, insanın duygusal ve kültürel boyutunun ihmal edilmemesidir. Japon modernleşmesi, geleneksellik korunarak modernleşmenin mümkün olabileceğini belirten bir anlayıştır ki bu Japon ruhu ve Batı bilimine dayanır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu dönemindeki modernite üç döneme ayrılabilir; birinci dönem, Lale devri ile Fransız İnsan ve Yurttaş Hakları Bildirisi arasındaki zaman dilimidir (serbest kültür değişmeleri dönemi) (1718–1789=71 sene). İkinci dönem 1789-1808 arasındaki geçiş dönemidir. Üçüncü dönem, Fransız İhtilali ile Cumhuriyetin ilanı arasındaki devredir ki buna zorunlu kültür değişmeleri dönemi denilebilir (1789–1923).

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Modernization and the disruption of the Ottoman Constitutional System (Entry)
2013
Author:  
Abstract:

In Turkey, concepts such as "modernization" and "consumerization" are used in place of each other while these are different concepts. As the West is not a monolithic concept, so modernity or secularity has no single meaning. Nowadays, modernization is evolving. Modernity of XVI. and XVII. It appeared after a century, after some fundamental changes, is a formation founded on the basis of Greco-Roman and Jewish-Christian culture and civilization from Western Europe. When two different cultures or civilizations, such as the Ottoman and the West, met, the task of challenging and responding has been made by the elites of society. Generally, it can be said that there are three forms of behavior against modernity; the first attitude is a traditional attitude and refuses modernization. The second attitude is the view in the form of taking the positive aspects, not taking the negative aspects. The third attitude is the radicals who want to take all the values of the West. In today’s changing world conditions, liberal postmodernism has now begun instead of modernizing with the hands of the state. Postmodernism, rationality, universality, diversity, multiplicity, solidarity, the advancement of the individual, the emotional and cultural dimension of man is not neglected. Japanese modernization is an understanding that modernization can be possible by preserving tradition, which is based on the Japanese spirit and Western science. Modernity in the period of the Ottoman Empire can be divided into three periods; the first period is the period between the Lale period and the French Declaration of Human and Citizen Rights (period of free cultural change) (1718-1789 = 71 years). The second period is the transition period between 1789-1808. The third period is the transition between the French Antiquity and the proclamation of the Republic, which can be called the period of compulsory cultural change (1789-1923).

Modernisation and Deterioration Of Ottoman Constitutional Order(introduction)
2013
Author:  
Abstract:

"Modernization", "Westernization" is used instead of other but they are different concepts In Turkey. Such as the West is not a monolithic concept, modernity and secularism does not mean a single. Moreover the modernization is an evolving concept. Modernity is emerged after XVI and XVII centuries but with some fundamental changes, it was established on the basis of origin of civilization of Western Europe Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian culture. Two different cultures or civilizations, such as the Ottoman Empire and the West was faced with conflict, the elites of the society has made the duty of challenge and response. The three behaviors in the face of modernity can be said that In general. The first attitude is traditional manner and rejects the modernization. The second attitude is to take of the West’s positive aspects and not to take the negative aspects of the West. The third attitude is the hardliners who want to take all the values of the West. Liberal postmodernism began instead of state-assisted modernization in the changing world conditions, today. Postmodernism is rationality, universality,

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The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies