Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunu takip eden ilk yılların ardından 1946 yılına kadar tek parti iktidarı hâkim olmuştur. Yeni kurulan ülkenin sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasal dönüşümü tek parti tarafından düzenlenmiştir. 1946 yılı ile birlikte çok partili hayata geçiş, çoğulcu demokrasinin siyasal alanda işlemesini sağlamıştır. Bu süreçten sonra Türk siyasal hayatında 2000’li yıllara kadar siyasal iktidar alanında tek parti ve koalisyon hükümetleri görülmüştür. Koalisyon dönemleri genelde siyasal istikrasızlık ile birlikte anılmıştır. Bu durum siyasal destek toplamada her zaman bir araç olarak kullanılmış ve siyasal iktidarın parçalı yapısı bir tehdit olarak görülmüştür. Tek başına iktidar kurabilen partiler Demokrat Parti, Adalet Partisi, Anavatan Partisi ve Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisidir. Tek başına iktidar olan partiler, farklı toplumsal dönemlerin siyasi yansımaları olsalar da ortak dönemsel ve ideolojik koşullar çerçevesinde var olmuştur. Bu ortak noktalar Türk toplumsal ve siyasal yapısı hakkında da ipucu vermektedir. Bu nedenle çalışmada bu dört siyasal partinin kurulma ve iktidar olma süreçlerine yönelik bir değerlendirme yapılarak tek başına iktidar olmanın ortak yönleri ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada literatür taraması yapılarak tarihsel bir süreç değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak tek başına iktidar olan partilerin aslında toplumsal taban, ideoloji ve dönemsel koşullarında ortak noktalar olduğu düşüncesi hakim görüş olarak ileri sürülmüştür.
After the first years following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the only party power was ruled until 1946. The social, economic and political transformation of the newly established country was organized by a single party. The transition to the multi-party life in 1946 enabled the processing of multi-democracy in the political field. After this process, the political life of Turkey has been seen as a single party and coalition governments in the field of political power until the 2000s. The coalition periods are often mentioned along with political instability. This situation has always been used as a tool in the gathering of political support and the partial structure of political power has been seen as a threat. The parties that can establish power alone are the Democratic Party, the Justice Party, the Motherland Party and the Justice and Development Party. The parties that are alone in power, although they are political reflections of different social periods, have existed in the framework of common periodic and ideological conditions. These common points also give clues about the Turkish social and political structure. Therefore, in the study, an assessment of the processes of establishment and becoming power of these four political parties has shown the common aspects of being alone in power. The study was conducted by a literary scan and a historical process assessment. As a result, the idea that the parties that are alone in power are actually common points in their social basis, ideology and periodic conditions has been promoted as a dominant view.
Subsequent to the early years of the foundation of the Turkish Republic, one party power prevailed till the year 1946. The social, economic and political transformation of the country, newly established, was performed by one party. The transition into the multi-party system along with the year 1946 has allowed multi democracy to work in the political arena. After that time, one party and coalition governments appeared in the political power arena until the 2000s in Turkish political life. The periods when coalition governments came into power were usually mentioned as those when political instability prevailed. This reality has always been used as a tool in obtaining political support, and the fractured structure of the political power has been regarded as a threatening element. The parties that have managed to come into power alone up to now are the Democrat Party, Justice Party, Motherland Party and Justice and Development Party. Although those parties that come into power alone are the reflections of different social periods, they came to exist pursuant to common periodical and ideological conditions. Those common aspects also give clues about the Turkish social and political structure. Therefore, an evaluation was made for the processes of the foundation and coming into the power of these four parties, and common aspects of coming into power alone were put forward in the study. In the study, the historical process of this issue was evaluated with a literature review. Consequently, the view suggesting that parties that came into power alone actually have common points on social base, ideology and periodical conditions was widely accepted.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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